Susceptibility of olive cultivars and selections to Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose in Spain.

IF 4.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Plant disease Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1094/PDIS-02-24-0481-RE
Anabel Exposito-Diaz, Boris X Camiletti, M Teresa Garcia-Lopez, Diego Cabello, Dov Prusky, Concepción M Diez, Juan Moral
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Abstract

Anthracnose, the most critical fruit disease affecting olive crops, necessitates the evaluation of the susceptibility of traditional and new varieties. In Spain and Portugal, Anthracnose is caused by several Colletotrichum species, with C. godetiae and C. nymphaeae being dominant and C. acutatum and C. fioriniae being secondary. This study explores the susceptibility of fruits from an F1 progeny resulting from a cross between 'Picual' (resistant) and 'Arbequina' (moderately susceptible) cultivars to C. godetiae. While most genotypes showed resistance levels comparable to their parents, seven showed a 50% reduction in disease severity compared to 'Picual.' The normal distribution of genotypes' response to the pathogen suggests a complex resistance mechanism. Furthermore, we assessed the susceptibility of four traditional cultivars, two new cultivars ('Sikitita-2' and 'Martina'), and five advanced selections (pre-commercial genotypes) to C. godetiae and C. nymphaeae. Despite the significant interaction between the olive genotype and Colletotrichum species in this experiment, the new cultivars and advanced selections were classified as susceptible or moderately susceptible against both species. A subsequent analysis of the interaction between 'Picual' (resistant) and 'Hojiblanca' (susceptible) fruits with the four mentioned Colletotrichum species revealed significant differences among cultivars but no interaction between genotype and pathogen species. Colletotrichum species were categorized as follows: i) C. godetiae and C. nymphaeae as highly virulent, ii) C. acutatum as moderately virulent, and iii) C. fioriniae as weakly virulent. Finally, C. nymphaeae exhibited an enhanced ability to infect and develop acervuli in olive leaves, potentially serving as an inoculum source for this species. The absence of a correlation between leaf and fruit susceptibilities to the pathogen suggests differences in resistance mechanisms. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between olive genotype and Colletotrichum species, essential for cultivar selection and understanding the disease cycle.

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西班牙橄榄栽培品种和选育品种对引起炭疽病的 Colletotrichum 菌种的易感性。
炭疽病是影响橄榄作物最严重的果实病害,因此有必要对传统品种和新品种的易感性进行评估。在西班牙和葡萄牙,炭疽病是由多种 Colletotrichum 菌引起的,其中 C. godetiae 和 C. nymphaeae 为主要病菌,C. acutatum 和 C. fioriniae 为次要病菌。本研究探讨了 "Picual"(抗性)和 "Arbequina"(中度易感)杂交后代果实对 C. godetiae 的易感性。虽然大多数基因型的抗病性与其亲本相当,但与'Picual'相比,有 7 个基因型的病害严重程度降低了 50%。基因型对病原体的反应呈正态分布,这表明抗病机制很复杂。此外,我们还评估了四个传统栽培品种、两个新栽培品种('Sikitita-2'和'Martina')和五个高级选育品种(商业化前基因型)对 C. godetiae 和 C. nymphaeae 的易感性。尽管在该实验中,橄榄基因型与 Colletotrichum 种类之间存在明显的交互作用,但新栽培品种和先进的选育品种对这两种种类都被归类为易感或中度易感。随后对 "Picual"(抗病)和 "Hojiblanca"(易感)果实与上述四种 Colletotrichum 菌种的相互作用进行分析,结果显示栽培品种之间存在显著差异,但基因型与病原体种类之间没有相互作用。Colletotrichum 种类分类如下:i) C. godetiae 和 C. nymphaeae 为高致病性,ii) C. acutatum 为中等致病性,iii) C. fioriniae 为弱致病性。最后,C. nymphaeae 感染橄榄叶片并在叶片上形成突起的能力增强,有可能成为该物种的接种源。叶片和果实对病原体的易感性之间缺乏相关性,这表明两者的抗病机制存在差异。总之,这项研究为了解橄榄基因型与 Colletotrichum 物种之间复杂的相互作用提供了宝贵的见解,对于选择栽培品种和了解病害周期至关重要。
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来源期刊
Plant disease
Plant disease 农林科学-植物科学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
13.30%
发文量
1993
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Plant Disease is the leading international journal for rapid reporting of research on new, emerging, and established plant diseases. The journal publishes papers that describe basic and applied research focusing on practical aspects of disease diagnosis, development, and management.
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