Role and Significance of the Sulfur Allotropes in Autoclave Hydrometallurgical Processes

IF 0.4 Q4 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI:10.1134/S0036029523110216
A. G. Kitai
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Abstract—Data on the physicochemical properties of the sulfur allotropes in the temperature range used in autoclave processes are presented. Elemental sulfur is shown to have an enhanced sensitivity to a temperature change. The chemical activity of sulfur can change by several orders of magnitude in a range of 30°C, and the viscosity changes by several thousands of times. The oxidation leaching of sulfides, sulfur hydrolysis, sulfidizing, and precipitation of nonferrous metals are considered. The laws according to which the leaching processes occur depending on the allotropic composition of sulfur are revealed. The activators capable of decreasing the temperature range of the transformation of cyclic sulfur molecules into chain molecules are considered. The yield of elemental sulfur is explained using the polysulfide mechanism of oxidation of sulfides and the physicochemical properties of sulfur allotropes.

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硫配位体在高压釜湿法冶金过程中的作用和意义
摘要--本文介绍了高压釜工艺所用温度范围内硫同素异形体的物理化学特性数据。研究表明,元素硫对温度变化的敏感性增强。在 30°C 的温度范围内,硫的化学活性会发生几个数量级的变化,粘度也会发生数千倍的变化。研究考虑了硫化物的氧化浸出、硫的水解、硫化和有色金属的沉淀。揭示了根据硫的同素异形体组成发生浸出过程的规律。考虑了能够降低环状硫分子转化为链状分子的温度范围的活化剂。利用硫化物氧化的多硫机理和硫的同素异形体的物理化学特性解释了元素硫的产量。
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来源期刊
Russian Metallurgy (Metally)
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING-
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
25.00%
发文量
140
期刊介绍: Russian Metallurgy (Metally)  publishes results of original experimental and theoretical research in the form of reviews and regular articles devoted to topical problems of metallurgy, physical metallurgy, and treatment of ferrous, nonferrous, rare, and other metals and alloys, intermetallic compounds, and metallic composite materials. The journal focuses on physicochemical properties of metallurgical materials (ores, slags, matters, and melts of metals and alloys); physicochemical processes (thermodynamics and kinetics of pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, electrochemical, and other processes); theoretical metallurgy; metal forming; thermoplastic and thermochemical treatment; computation and experimental determination of phase diagrams and thermokinetic diagrams; mechanisms and kinetics of phase transitions in metallic materials; relations between the chemical composition, phase and structural states of materials and their physicochemical and service properties; interaction between metallic materials and external media; and effects of radiation on these materials.
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