Seagrass mapping of north-eastern Brazil using Google Earth Engine and Sentinel-2 imagery

IF 5.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental and Sustainability Indicators Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1016/j.indic.2024.100489
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Abstract

Seagrass ecosystems are globally important blue carbon sinks and support significant marine and terrestrial biodiversity. However, human-induced climate change coupled with other anthropogenic pressures have substantially reduced seagrass distributions, making them one of the most threatened ecosystems on Earth. The challenges associated with seagrass conservation include substantial data gaps and limited low-cost, near-real monitoring methods. To address these challenges, we used 507 Sentinel-2 satellite images, filtered between August 2020 and May 2021, in the Google Earth Engine cloud computing environment for regional scale seascape habitat mapping in north-eastern Brazil, a region where conservation efforts are particularly hampered by data limitations. We mapped 9452 km2 of coastline up to a depth of 10 m. We identified 328 km2 of seagrass ecosystems, providing vital open access positional information for a variety of research applications. We also assessed the capability of Sentinel-2 in monitoring temporal changes in coastal habitats, and revealed up to 15.9% declines in seagrass meadow coverage in specific areas over a five-year period in north-eastern Brazil. Our results demonstrate that Sentinel-2 is an effective tool in mapping seagrass distributions at a regional scale. The resulting maps are critical for supporting the conservation of Neotropical coastal biota, including the endangered Antillean Manatee. Our study emphasises the importance of replicable and systematic monitoring methods in the race to conserve threatened coastal ecosystems globally.
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利用谷歌地球引擎和哨兵-2 图像绘制巴西东北部海草图
海草生态系统是全球重要的蓝碳汇,支持着重要的海洋和陆地生物多样性。然而,人类引起的气候变化以及其他人为压力大大减少了海草的分布,使其成为地球上最受威胁的生态系统之一。与海草保护相关的挑战包括大量数据缺口和有限的低成本、近乎真实的监测方法。为了应对这些挑战,我们在谷歌地球引擎云计算环境中使用了 507 幅 "哨兵-2 "卫星图像(筛选时间为 2020 年 8 月至 2021 年 5 月),在巴西东北部绘制了区域尺度的海景生境图。我们绘制了 9452 平方公里深度达 10 米的海岸线地图,确定了 328 平方公里的海草生态系统,为各种研究应用提供了重要的开放式定位信息。我们还评估了哨兵-2 监测沿海生境时间变化的能力,发现巴西东北部特定区域的海草草甸覆盖率在五年内下降了 15.9%。我们的研究结果表明,哨兵-2 是绘制区域尺度海草分布图的有效工具。所绘制的地图对于支持包括濒危的安的列斯海牛在内的新热带沿海生物群的保护至关重要。我们的研究强调了可复制的系统监测方法在保护全球受威胁的沿海生态系统方面的重要性。
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来源期刊
Environmental and Sustainability Indicators
Environmental and Sustainability Indicators Environmental Science-Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
2.30%
发文量
49
审稿时长
57 days
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