Gender disparities in attitudes, norms, and perceived control related to intentional condomless sexual intercourse: A psychosocial theory-driven comparison among cisgender heterosexual male and female college varsity athletes in Taiwan

IF 5.3 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100504

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Abstract

Background

While condom use has been extensively studied as a protective behavior, research directly focusing on condomless sexual intercourse (CSI) as a distinct and intentional risk behavior, particularly regarding gender differences, remains scarce.

Methods

Building upon the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study addresses this gap by comparing TPB factors and individual TPB items regarding intentional CSI among cisgender heterosexual college varsity athletes in Taiwan (N = 1348).

Results

High CSI intention was more prevalent among men (53.6 %) than women (31.7 %). Our expanded TPB framework identified five distinct TPB factors pertaining to attitudes, norms, and perceived control. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that all five TPB factors were significantly associated with CSI intention among men, but only three among women. Notably, our factor analysis differentiated attitudes toward positive/negative outcomes of CSI and perceived control under facilitating/constraining conditions, revealing attitudes toward positive outcomes of CSI as the strongest driver of CSI intention among both men (AOR = 2.51–4.09) and women (AOR = 3.79–5.71). Further analysis of TPB items disclosed that men prioritized psychological pleasure (AOR = 2.18), whereas women exhibited a “partner-centered” tendency, emphasizing trust by sex partners (AOR = 3.43).

Conclusions

Overall, men exhibited more favorable views toward CSI than women, with gender differences evident in the differential associations of varying TPB factors and items with CSI intention. Future research could explore the development of these differential attitudes, norms, and perceived control concerning CSI. Given the modifiable nature of TPB variables, our study’s insights can inform actionable strategies and targeted interventions tailored for young men and women.

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与故意无套性交有关的态度、规范和感知控制的性别差异：以心理社会理论为导向，比较台湾大学校队男女运动员的性别差异

背景虽然安全套的使用作为一种保护性行为已被广泛研究，但直接关注无套性交（CSI）作为一种独特的有意风险行为的研究，尤其是关于性别差异的研究仍然很少。方法本研究以计划行为理论（TPB）为基础，通过比较 TPB 因子和单个 TPB 项目，研究了台湾大学校队运动员（N = 1348）的无套性交意向，从而弥补了这一空白。结果男性（53.6%）的无套性交意向高于女性（31.7%）。我们的扩展 TPB 框架确定了与态度、规范和感知控制有关的五个不同的 TPB 因素。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，在男性中，所有五个 TPB 因子都与 CSI 意愿有显著关联，但在女性中，只有三个因素与 CSI 意愿有显著关联。值得注意的是，我们的因子分析区分了对 CSI 积极/消极结果的态度以及在促进/限制条件下的感知控制，结果显示，对 CSI 积极结果的态度是男性（AOR = 2.51-4.09）和女性（AOR = 3.79-5.71）CSI 意向的最强驱动力。对 TPB 项目的进一步分析表明，男性优先考虑心理愉悦（AOR = 2.18），而女性则表现出 "以伴侣为中心 "的倾向，强调性伴侣的信任（AOR = 3.43）。未来的研究可以探索这些有关 CSI 的不同态度、规范和感知控制的发展。鉴于 TPB 变量的可修改性，我们的研究可以为针对青年男女的可操作策略和有针对性的干预措施提供参考。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

5.70%

发文量

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology is dedicated to publishing manuscripts with a strong emphasis on both basic and applied research, encompassing experimental, clinical, and theoretical contributions that advance the fields of Clinical and Health Psychology. With a focus on four core domains—clinical psychology and psychotherapy, psychopathology, health psychology, and clinical neurosciences—the IJCHP seeks to provide a comprehensive platform for scholarly discourse and innovation. The journal accepts Original Articles (empirical studies) and Review Articles. Manuscripts submitted to IJCHP should be original and not previously published or under consideration elsewhere. All signing authors must unanimously agree on the submitted version of the manuscript. By submitting their work, authors agree to transfer their copyrights to the Journal for the duration of the editorial process.