Aphasia recovery: The role of physiological dysfunction in perilesional tissue: Commentary on Billot and Kiran

IF 2.1 2区 心理学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Brain and Language Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1016/j.bandl.2024.105481
Jed A. Meltzer
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Abstract

Although many of the language deficits exhibited by people with aphasia are directly caused by the total destruction of certain brain regions by a stroke (i.e. the lesion), strokes can exert widespread physiological effects in other areas beyond the lesion. These effects can include loss of neuronal integrity in the absence of a frank infarct, and a shift in the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission within perilesional tissue. Such changes can further exacerbate the long-term cognitive and linguistic impact of a stroke event, but on the other hand, they are potentially reversible and represent a promising target for interventions such as pharmaceuticals and noninvasive brain stimulation. This commentary gives an overview of findings related to perilesional dysfunction, outlines potential mechanisms of impairment and recovery, and surveys the possibilities for new interventions to reverse perilesional dysfunction and thereby improve communication in people with aphasia.
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失语症的恢复:周围组织的生理机能障碍的作用:对 Billot 和 Kiran 的评论
虽然失语症患者表现出的许多语言障碍是由中风(即病变)对某些脑区的完全破坏 直接造成的,但中风可对病变以外的其他区域产生广泛的生理影响。这些影响包括在没有明显梗塞的情况下神经元完整性的丧失,以及周围组织内兴奋性和抑制性神经传递平衡的改变。这些变化会进一步加剧中风事件对认知和语言的长期影响,但另一方面,这些变化也可能是可逆的,是药物和非侵入性脑刺激等干预措施的一个很有前景的目标。本评论综述了有关会厌功能障碍的研究结果,概述了损伤和恢复的潜在机制,并探讨了采取新干预措施扭转会厌功能障碍从而改善失语症患者交流的可能性。
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来源期刊
Brain and Language
Brain and Language 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.00%
发文量
82
审稿时长
20.5 weeks
期刊介绍: An interdisciplinary journal, Brain and Language publishes articles that elucidate the complex relationships among language, brain, and behavior. The journal covers the large variety of modern techniques in cognitive neuroscience, including functional and structural brain imaging, electrophysiology, cellular and molecular neurobiology, genetics, lesion-based approaches, and computational modeling. All articles must relate to human language and be relevant to the understanding of its neurobiological and neurocognitive bases. Published articles in the journal are expected to have significant theoretical novelty and/or practical implications, and use perspectives and methods from psychology, linguistics, and neuroscience along with brain data and brain measures.
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