Biomimetic multizonal scaffolds for the reconstruction of zonal articular cartilage in chondral and osteochondral defects

IF 18 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Bioactive Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.10.001

Xiaoqi Lin , Ye Zhang , Jiarong Li , Brian G. Oliver , Bin Wang , Haiyan Li , Ken-Tye Yong , Jiao Jiao Li

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Abstract

Chondral and osteochondral injuries are frequently encountered in clinical practice. However, articular cartilage has limited self-healing capacity due to its sophisticated zonal structure and avascular nature, introducing significant challenges to the restoration of chondral and osteochondral tissues after injury. Improperly repaired articular cartilage can lead to irreversible joint damage and increase the risk of osteoarthritis progression. Cartilage tissue engineering using stratified scaffolds with multizonal design to match the zonal structure of articular cartilage may help to meet the complex regeneration requirements of chondral and osteochondral tissues, and address the drawbacks experienced with single-phase scaffolds. Navigating the heterogeneity in matrix organisation and cellular composition across cartilage zones is a central consideration in multizonal scaffold design. With emphasis on recent advances in scaffold design and fabrication strategies, this review captures emerging approaches on biomimetic multizonal scaffolds for the reconstruction of zonal articular cartilage, including strategies on replicating native tissue structure through variations in fibre orientation, porous structure, and cell types. Exciting progress in this dynamic field has highlighted the tremendous potential of multizonal scaffolding strategies for regenerative medicine in the recreation of functional tissues.

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用于重建软骨和骨软骨缺损带状关节软骨的仿生多区支架

软骨和骨软骨损伤在临床实践中经常遇到。然而，由于关节软骨具有复杂的带状结构和无血管性质，其自我愈合能力有限，这给软骨和骨软骨组织损伤后的修复带来了巨大挑战。修复不当的关节软骨会导致不可逆的关节损伤，增加骨关节炎恶化的风险。软骨组织工程采用多区设计的分层支架来匹配关节软骨的分区结构，可能有助于满足软骨和骨软骨组织复杂的再生要求，并解决单相支架的缺点。驾驭软骨各区基质组织和细胞组成的异质性是多区支架设计的核心考虑因素。本综述以支架设计和制造策略的最新进展为重点，介绍了用于重建分区关节软骨的生物仿生多区支架的新方法，包括通过纤维方向、多孔结构和细胞类型的变化复制原生组织结构的策略。这一充满活力的领域所取得的令人振奋的进展凸显了多层支架策略在再生医学中重建功能组织的巨大潜力。

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来源期刊

Bioactive Materials Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

28.00

自引率

6.30%

发文量

436

审稿时长

20 days

期刊介绍： Bioactive Materials is a peer-reviewed research publication that focuses on advancements in bioactive materials. The journal accepts research papers, reviews, and rapid communications in the field of next-generation biomaterials that interact with cells, tissues, and organs in various living organisms. The primary goal of Bioactive Materials is to promote the science and engineering of biomaterials that exhibit adaptiveness to the biological environment. These materials are specifically designed to stimulate or direct appropriate cell and tissue responses or regulate interactions with microorganisms. The journal covers a wide range of bioactive materials, including those that are engineered or designed in terms of their physical form (e.g. particulate, fiber), topology (e.g. porosity, surface roughness), or dimensions (ranging from macro to nano-scales). Contributions are sought from the following categories of bioactive materials: Bioactive metals and alloys Bioactive inorganics: ceramics, glasses, and carbon-based materials Bioactive polymers and gels Bioactive materials derived from natural sources Bioactive composites These materials find applications in human and veterinary medicine, such as implants, tissue engineering scaffolds, cell/drug/gene carriers, as well as imaging and sensing devices.