Khatereh Anbari, Pierre Sicard, Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi, Hasan Raja Naqvi, Reza Fouladi Fard, Rajab Rashidi
{"title":"PM2.5 and PM10-related carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment in Iran","authors":"Khatereh Anbari, Pierre Sicard, Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi, Hasan Raja Naqvi, Reza Fouladi Fard, Rajab Rashidi","doi":"10.1007/s10874-024-09463-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High levels of particulate matters in the air are a major health issue in Middle East leading to adverse health effects. In this study, we have simultaneously investigated (i) the spatio-temporal distribution of ambient particulate matters in a city located in the Middle East (Khorramabad) over the time period 2021–2022; and (ii) PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>-related carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment to exposure. For the risk assessment, hourly PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> data were obtained from three monitoring stations located in the city. A methodology for risk assessment recommended by the United State Environmental Protection Agency was used for all age groups. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and the hazard quotient (HQ) were estimated, and the backward trajectories were assessed by the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model. The Aerosol Optical Depth from 0 to 1000 nm was applied to observe the variations of atmospheric aerosols. The results showed that the annual PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> mean concentrations during 2021 and 2022 were exceeded the World Health Organization limit value for human health protection. In 2021 and 2022, 2.2-148.3 and 1.3-134.4 cancers per 1,000,000 inhabitants can be related to ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure. The HQ values for PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> were 4.7 and 1.3 in 2021, and 3.8 and 1.1 in 2022, i.e., the risk for human health is expected. To reduce the adverse health effects related to particulate matters, air emissions control strategies are required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10874-024-09463-0","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
High levels of particulate matters in the air are a major health issue in Middle East leading to adverse health effects. In this study, we have simultaneously investigated (i) the spatio-temporal distribution of ambient particulate matters in a city located in the Middle East (Khorramabad) over the time period 2021–2022; and (ii) PM2.5 and PM10-related carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment to exposure. For the risk assessment, hourly PM2.5 and PM10 data were obtained from three monitoring stations located in the city. A methodology for risk assessment recommended by the United State Environmental Protection Agency was used for all age groups. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and the hazard quotient (HQ) were estimated, and the backward trajectories were assessed by the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model. The Aerosol Optical Depth from 0 to 1000 nm was applied to observe the variations of atmospheric aerosols. The results showed that the annual PM2.5 and PM10 mean concentrations during 2021 and 2022 were exceeded the World Health Organization limit value for human health protection. In 2021 and 2022, 2.2-148.3 and 1.3-134.4 cancers per 1,000,000 inhabitants can be related to ambient PM2.5 exposure. The HQ values for PM2.5 and PM10 were 4.7 and 1.3 in 2021, and 3.8 and 1.1 in 2022, i.e., the risk for human health is expected. To reduce the adverse health effects related to particulate matters, air emissions control strategies are required.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry is devoted to the study of the chemistry of the Earth''s atmosphere, the emphasis being laid on the region below about 100 km. The strongly interdisciplinary nature of atmospheric chemistry means that it embraces a great variety of sciences, but the journal concentrates on the following topics:
Observational, interpretative and modelling studies of the composition of air and precipitation and the physiochemical processes in the Earth''s atmosphere, excluding air pollution problems of local importance only.
The role of the atmosphere in biogeochemical cycles; the chemical interaction of the oceans, land surface and biosphere with the atmosphere.
Laboratory studies of the mechanics in homogeneous and heterogeneous transformation processes in the atmosphere.
Descriptions of major advances in instrumentation developed for the measurement of atmospheric composition and chemical properties.