Arthropod activity density and predation are supported by mixed cropping of maize with common sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and reduced tillage

IF 1.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI:10.1111/eea.13508
Bastian Häfner, Gunda Schulte auf’m Erley, Doreen Gabriel, Andra Herden, Frank Höppner, Jens Dauber, Fabian Nürnberger
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Abstract

Mixed cropping with legumes may mitigate negative impacts of maize, Zea mays L. (Poaceae), production on arthropods by providing additional habitat structures and food resources. Still, knowledge about effects of less common legume partner crops for mixed cropping of maize is scarce. Activity density of epigeic predatory arthropods and proxies for ecosystem functions related to biological pest control were assessed on an experimental field. Plots of mixed cropping of maize and sainfoin, Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. (Fabaceae), and respective single plant species (plot size: 6 × 5 m; n = 48) differed in combination of the seed rate of each partner crop and tillage treatment. Using the “rapid ecosystem function assessment” approach in each plot on three occasions, we tested whether the activity density of generalist arthropod predators and their associated ecosystem functions can be promoted by mixed cropping of maize with sainfoin. Our data show that, compared with tilled maize as a pure culture, mixed cropping can increase activity density of generalist arthropod predators and insect predation potential but effects were limited to strip-tilled cropping systems and partly depended on sampling date. Thus, from an ecological viewpoint, mixed cropping of sainfoin and maize in strip-till systems offers the possibility to promote predatory insects and their potential for pest regulation. However, this system is inherently more prone to weed occurrence. Competition effects between cropping partners and weeds may reduce yields and hence lead to trade-offs between enhancement of arthropods and economic viability.

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玉米与普通莎草(Onobrychis viciifolia)混作并减少耕作,有利于提高节肢动物的活动密度和捕食率
与豆科植物混作可通过提供额外的生境结构和食物资源,减轻玉米(玉米属)生产对节肢动物的负面影响。然而,有关玉米混作中较少见的豆科伙伴作物的影响的知识仍然很少。我们在一块试验田上评估了附食性捕食节肢动物的活动密度以及与生物害虫控制相关的生态系统功能代用指标。玉米与芒萁(Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.,豆科植物)混作的地块以及各自的单一植物物种(地块大小:6 × 5 m;n = 48)在每种搭档作物的播种率和耕作处理的组合上存在差异。我们采用 "快速生态系统功能评估 "的方法,在每个小区进行了三次试验,以检验玉米与莎草混作是否能提高普通节肢动物捕食者的活动密度及其相关的生态系统功能。我们的数据表明,与纯粹的耕作玉米相比,混作可以提高通性节肢动物捕食者的活动密度和昆虫捕食潜力,但效果仅限于条耕作系统,且部分取决于取样日期。因此,从生态学的角度来看,在条耕作业系统中混合种植莎草和玉米有可能促进捕食性昆虫的发展,并提高其调节害虫的潜力。不过,这种耕作制度本身更容易出现杂草。种植伙伴与杂草之间的竞争效应可能会降低产量,从而导致在提高节肢动物和经济可行性之间做出权衡。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
5.30%
发文量
138
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata publishes top quality original research papers in the fields of experimental biology and ecology of insects and other terrestrial arthropods, with both pure and applied scopes. Mini-reviews, technical notes and media reviews are also published. Although the scope of the journal covers the entire scientific field of entomology, it has established itself as the preferred medium for the communication of results in the areas of the physiological, ecological, and morphological inter-relations between phytophagous arthropods and their food plants, their parasitoids, predators, and pathogens. Examples of specific areas that are covered frequently are: host-plant selection mechanisms chemical and sensory ecology and infochemicals parasitoid-host interactions behavioural ecology biosystematics (co-)evolution migration and dispersal population modelling sampling strategies developmental and behavioural responses to photoperiod and temperature nutrition natural and transgenic plant resistance.
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