Does poverty really stifle ambition? A latent profile analysis of achievement motivation for economically disadvantaged Chinese university students

IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, BIOLOGICAL Learning and Motivation Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1016/j.lmot.2024.102056
Xiaoqing Zeng , Song Tu
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Abstract

This research aims to investigate the differences in achievement motivation between college students from low-income and normal-income backgrounds, and to explore the key characteristics of achievement motivation among underprivileged college students. A survey was conducted with 260060 college students, and Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was employed to identify the types of achievement motivation among underprivileged college students. Results showed that: (1) achievement motivation levels were significantly higher among underprivileged students compared to their non-poor counterparts. Specifically, in China, underprivileged students were significantly more driven to strive for success and less inclined to avoid failure; (2) the study identified four types of achievement motivation among disadvantaged students: Optimists (high pursuit of success, low failure avoidance, accounting for 7.90 %); Self-protectors (low pursuit of success, high failure avoidance, accounting for 29.40 %); Failure Acceptors (low pursuit of success, low failure avoidance, accounting for 39.30 %); and Overstrivers (high pursuit of success, high failure avoidance, accounting for 23.40 % of the sample). Conclusion: (1) poor students are more eager to succeed than non-poor students in China; (2) Optimists and Overstrivers seem the more positive types of achievement motivation (accounting for 31.30 %).
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贫困真的会扼杀进取心吗?中国贫困大学生成就动机的潜在特征分析
本研究旨在调查低收入和正常收入背景的大学生在成就动机方面的差异,并探讨贫困大学生成就动机的主要特征。本研究对 260060 名大学生进行了调查,并采用潜特征分析法(Latent Profile Analysis,LPA)来识别贫困大学生的成就动机类型。结果表明(1)贫困大学生的成就动机水平明显高于非贫困大学生。具体而言,在中国,贫困大学生追求成功的动力明显更强,而回避失败的倾向较弱;(2) 研究发现了贫困大学生的四种成就动机类型:乐观主义者(高度追求成功,低度回避失败,占样本的 7.90%);自我保护者(低度追求成功,高度回避失败,占样本的 29.40%);失败接受者(低度追求成功,低度回避失败,占样本的 39.30%);过度奋斗者(高度追求成功,高度回避失败,占样本的 23.40%)。结论:(1)在中国,贫困学生比非贫困学生更渴望成功;(2)乐观主义者和过度追求者似乎是成就动机中更积极的类型(占 31.30%)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
53
期刊介绍: Learning and Motivation features original experimental research devoted to the analysis of basic phenomena and mechanisms of learning, memory, and motivation. These studies, involving either animal or human subjects, examine behavioral, biological, and evolutionary influences on the learning and motivation processes, and often report on an integrated series of experiments that advance knowledge in this field. Theoretical papers and shorter reports are also considered.
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