Disentangling negative reinforcement, working memory, and deductive reasoning deficits in elevated BMI

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111173
Gibson Weydmann , Igor Palmieri , Reinaldo A.G. Simões , Samara Buchmann , Eduardo Schmidt , Paulina Alves , Lisiane Bizarro
{"title":"Disentangling negative reinforcement, working memory, and deductive reasoning deficits in elevated BMI","authors":"Gibson Weydmann ,&nbsp;Igor Palmieri ,&nbsp;Reinaldo A.G. Simões ,&nbsp;Samara Buchmann ,&nbsp;Eduardo Schmidt ,&nbsp;Paulina Alves ,&nbsp;Lisiane Bizarro","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111173","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuropsychological data suggest that being overweight or obese is associated with a tendency to perseverate behavior despite negative feedback. This deficit might be observed due to other cognitive factors, such as working memory (WM) deficits or decreased ability to deduce model-based strategies when learning by trial-and-error. In the present study, a group of subjects with overweight or obesity (Ow/Ob, <em>n</em> = 30) was compared to normal-weight individuals (<em>n</em> = 42) in a modified Reinforcement Learning (RL) task. The task was designed to control WM effects on learning by manipulating cognitive load and to foster model-based learning via deductive reasoning. Computational modelling and analysis were conducted to isolate parameters related to RL mechanisms, WM use, and model-based learning (deduction parameter). Results showed that subjects with Ow/Ob had a higher number of perseverative errors and used a weaker deduction mechanism in their performance than control individuals, indicating impairments in negative reinforcement and model-based learning, whereas WM impairments were not responsible for deficits in RL. The present data suggests that obesity is associated with impairments in negative reinforcement and model-based learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278584624002410","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Neuropsychological data suggest that being overweight or obese is associated with a tendency to perseverate behavior despite negative feedback. This deficit might be observed due to other cognitive factors, such as working memory (WM) deficits or decreased ability to deduce model-based strategies when learning by trial-and-error. In the present study, a group of subjects with overweight or obesity (Ow/Ob, n = 30) was compared to normal-weight individuals (n = 42) in a modified Reinforcement Learning (RL) task. The task was designed to control WM effects on learning by manipulating cognitive load and to foster model-based learning via deductive reasoning. Computational modelling and analysis were conducted to isolate parameters related to RL mechanisms, WM use, and model-based learning (deduction parameter). Results showed that subjects with Ow/Ob had a higher number of perseverative errors and used a weaker deduction mechanism in their performance than control individuals, indicating impairments in negative reinforcement and model-based learning, whereas WM impairments were not responsible for deficits in RL. The present data suggests that obesity is associated with impairments in negative reinforcement and model-based learning.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
解除负强化、工作记忆和演绎推理缺陷对体重指数升高的影响
神经心理学数据表明,超重或肥胖与不顾负面反馈坚持行为的倾向有关。这种缺陷可能是由于其他认知因素造成的,如工作记忆(WM)缺陷或在试错学习时推断基于模型的策略的能力下降。在本研究中,一组超重或肥胖的受试者(Ow/Ob,n = 30)与体重正常的受试者(n = 42)在一项改进的强化学习(RL)任务中进行了比较。该任务旨在通过控制认知负荷来控制WM对学习的影响,并通过演绎推理来促进基于模型的学习。研究人员进行了计算建模和分析,以分离出与 RL 机制、WM 使用和基于模型的学习(演绎参数)相关的参数。结果表明,与对照组相比,患有Ow/Ob的受试者有更多的持久性错误,并且在其表现中使用的演绎机制更弱,这表明他们在负强化和基于模型的学习方面存在障碍,而WM障碍并不是导致RL缺陷的原因。本研究数据表明,肥胖与负强化和基于模型的学习障碍有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
12.00
自引率
1.80%
发文量
153
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry is an international and multidisciplinary journal which aims to ensure the rapid publication of authoritative reviews and research papers dealing with experimental and clinical aspects of neuro-psychopharmacology and biological psychiatry. Issues of the journal are regularly devoted wholly in or in part to a topical subject. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry does not publish work on the actions of biological extracts unless the pharmacological active molecular substrate and/or specific receptor binding properties of the extract compounds are elucidated.
期刊最新文献
Functional connectivity changes in males with nicotine addiction: A triple network model study. Structural and functional alterations in different types of delusions across schizophrenia spectrum: A systematic review Shared polygenic susceptibility to treatment response in severe affective and psychotic disorders: Evidence from GWAS data sets Duration of aversive memory in zebrafish after a single shock Abnormal intrinsic brain functional network dynamics in stroke and correlation with neuropsychiatric symptoms revealed based on lesion and cerebral blood flow
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1