Optimal Operation Strategy for Reconfigurable EV Chargers Under Component Failures

Abstract

Recently, reconfigurable electric vehicle chargers (REVCs) have been commercialized due to their benefits, especially concurrent charging of multiple EVs. However, the operation of REVCs introduces new challenges that were not previously encountered with conventional EV chargers. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal operation strategy and an optimization model, enabling the effective and economical operation of REVC charging stations. Initially, the strategy considers the optimal allocation of charging spaces based on EV arrival and departure times at the charging station, to maximize operational efficiency and avoid charging congestion. Additionally, to mitigate potential overloading on the grid and REVCs due to EV charging, the strategy leverages the energy storage capability of EVs with long parking durations to supply energy to EVs with short parking durations. Consequently, the proposed optimization model addresses the optimal scheduling of EV charging and discharging to meet the charging demands of all EVs. Furthermore, the strategy accounts for scenarios where some charger components may experience failures, incorporating optimal operation schemes for REVCs with different failures. This differs from existing operation strategies, which did not consider failures. A comprehensive case study with 115 EVs is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed operation strategy and optimization model, under both normal and failure conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed operation strategy and optimization model effectively achieve efficient and appropriate operation of REVCs.