{"title":"A study on the impact of liquid metal droplets onto metal and elastomer substrates","authors":"Zilu He \n (, ), Rui Xiao \n (, ), Shaoxing Qu \n (, )","doi":"10.1007/s10409-024-24165-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The diffusion and dynamic behaviors of liquid metal droplet during impact significantly affect its application in 3D printing and painting processes. To obtain a better understanding of the impact process of liquid metal droplets, we analyze the influence of different initial conditions and substrate materials on droplet spreading, impact force, and elastic wave propagation on the substrate. It is found that an agglomeration phenomenon can be observed when the liquid metal droplets impact onto a soft elastomer substrate, which is not observed as a metal substrate is employed. Regardless of the substrate material, when surface tension dominates the diffusion, the diffusion factor of droplets is proportional to <span>\\(\\sqrt{We}\\)</span> (Weber number). It is also observed that the self-similarity of liquid metal droplet impact force on copper substrates, which is not the case for soft elastomer substrates. Using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations, the time-domain curve and peak point of the droplet can be well predicted for a metal substrate. Furthermore, by recording the acceleration signal on the substrates, we further obtain the energy radiated by elastic waves, providing an explanation for energy conversion during the impact process with varying parameters. The results provide an additional understanding on the complex impact behaviors of liquid metal droplets.\n</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10409-024-24165-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The diffusion and dynamic behaviors of liquid metal droplet during impact significantly affect its application in 3D printing and painting processes. To obtain a better understanding of the impact process of liquid metal droplets, we analyze the influence of different initial conditions and substrate materials on droplet spreading, impact force, and elastic wave propagation on the substrate. It is found that an agglomeration phenomenon can be observed when the liquid metal droplets impact onto a soft elastomer substrate, which is not observed as a metal substrate is employed. Regardless of the substrate material, when surface tension dominates the diffusion, the diffusion factor of droplets is proportional to \(\sqrt{We}\) (Weber number). It is also observed that the self-similarity of liquid metal droplet impact force on copper substrates, which is not the case for soft elastomer substrates. Using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations, the time-domain curve and peak point of the droplet can be well predicted for a metal substrate. Furthermore, by recording the acceleration signal on the substrates, we further obtain the energy radiated by elastic waves, providing an explanation for energy conversion during the impact process with varying parameters. The results provide an additional understanding on the complex impact behaviors of liquid metal droplets.
期刊介绍:
Acta Mechanica Sinica, sponsored by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, promotes scientific exchanges and collaboration among Chinese scientists in China and abroad. It features high quality, original papers in all aspects of mechanics and mechanical sciences.
Not only does the journal explore the classical subdivisions of theoretical and applied mechanics such as solid and fluid mechanics, it also explores recently emerging areas such as biomechanics and nanomechanics. In addition, the journal investigates analytical, computational, and experimental progresses in all areas of mechanics. Lastly, it encourages research in interdisciplinary subjects, serving as a bridge between mechanics and other branches of engineering and the sciences.
In addition to research papers, Acta Mechanica Sinica publishes reviews, notes, experimental techniques, scientific events, and other special topics of interest.
Related subjects » Classical Continuum Physics - Computational Intelligence and Complexity - Mechanics