Cytotoxicity induced by three commercial neonicotinoid insecticide formulations in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 TOXICOLOGY Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2024-10-10 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1093/toxres/tfae171
Karol Ferreira Honatel, Aline Mocellin Conte, Solange Cristina Garcia, Bruno Dutra Arbo, Marcelo Dutra Arbo
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Abstract

Background: Neonicotinoid insecticides are used worldwide for crop protection. They act as agonists at postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), disrupting normal neurotransmission in target insects. Human exposure is high due to the widespread use of neonicotinoids and their residues in food. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro neurotoxicity of three neonicotinoid commercial formulations Much 600 FS® (imidacloprid 600 g L-1), Evidence 700 WG® (imidacloprid 700 g kg-1), and Actara 250 WG® (thiamethoxam 250 g kg-1) in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line.

Methods: Cells were incubated with the pesticides for 96 h, and the cytotoxicity was evaluated through the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium·bromide (MTT) reduction and neutral red (NR) uptake assays. Toxicological pathways such as reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell death mode, and the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax were also evaluated.

Results: EC50 values of 266.4, 4,175, and 653.2 mg L-1 were found for Much®, Evidence® and Actara®, respectively. Significant increases in ROS and RNS generation were observed for all pesticides, while mitochondrial membrane potential and Bax protein expression showed no significant changes. Analysis of cell death mode revealed an increase in early apoptotic cells.

Conclusion: Therefore, neonicotinoid insecticides are potentially neurotoxic, reinforcing concerns about human exposure to these commercial formulations.

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三种商用新烟碱类杀虫剂制剂在分化的人神经母细胞瘤 SH-SY5Y 细胞中诱导的细胞毒性。
背景:新烟碱类杀虫剂在全球范围内用于作物保护。它们是突触后烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(nAChRs)的激动剂,会破坏目标昆虫的正常神经传递。由于新烟碱类化合物及其在食物中的残留物被广泛使用,人类的接触量很高。本研究旨在评估三种新烟碱类商用制剂 Much 600 FS®(吡虫啉 600 g L-1)、Evidence 700 WG®(吡虫啉 700 g kg-1)和 Actara 250 WG®(噻虫嗪 250 g kg-1)在分化的人神经母细胞瘤 SH-SY5Y 细胞系中的体外神经毒性:方法:将细胞与农药培养 96 小时,通过 3-(4,5-二甲基-2-噻唑基)-2,5-二苯基-2H-溴化四氮唑(MTT)还原和中性红(NR)吸收试验评估细胞毒性。此外,还评估了活性氧(ROS)和氮物种(RNS)的产生、线粒体膜电位、细胞死亡模式以及促凋亡蛋白 Bax 的表达等毒理学途径:结果:Much®、Evidence® 和 Actara® 的 EC50 值分别为 266.4、4,175 和 653.2 mg L-1。所有杀虫剂产生的 ROS 和 RNS 都显著增加,而线粒体膜电位和 Bax 蛋白表达则无明显变化。对细胞死亡模式的分析表明,早期凋亡细胞有所增加:因此,新烟碱类杀虫剂具有潜在的神经毒性,这加深了人们对人类接触这些商业制剂的担忧。
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来源期刊
Toxicology Research
Toxicology Research TOXICOLOGY-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
82
期刊介绍: A multi-disciplinary journal covering the best research in both fundamental and applied aspects of toxicology
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