Evaluating the reliability of solid phase extraction techniques for hydrocarbon analysis by GC–MS

IF 3.8 2区 化学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Journal of Chromatography A Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465435
Poorna Srinivasan , Estefania Michelle Endara Arguello , Ibrahim Atwah
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Abstract

Saturate and aromatic compounds are essential in the petroleum industry for assessing the thermal maturity of source rocks and oils, which is critical for basin modeling and sweet-spot mapping. These compounds also play a role in environmental applications, such as oil spill fingerprinting and biogeochemistry. However, the analysis of these compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) requires meticulous and time-consuming separation processes. Traditional methods like normal-phase liquid column chromatography (LCC) involve large volumes of harmful solvents. This study evaluates the effectiveness of five different sorbents using solid-phase extraction (SPE) techniques—neutral Si, SiOH, Ag-ion, neutral Al, and Ag-ion mixed with activated silica—compared to LCC. The goal was to discern differences in peak resolution, concentration, and isomer ratios of saturate and aromatic compounds for thermal maturity and source rock assessments. The results show that SiOH, neutral Si, and neutral Al do not fully separate aromatic compounds from the saturate fraction, sometimes leaving 40–100% of aromatics within the saturate fraction. Ag-ion mixed with activated silica provided the best separation, resulting in up to 23 times higher aromatic concentration than SiOH. This method is more reliable for quantifying both saturate and aromatic compounds, increases the efficiency of hydrocarbon evaluations, and reduces solvent consumption by 63%, offering a more sustainable approach to hydrocarbon analysis.
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评估固相萃取技术在气相色谱-质谱法碳氢化合物分析中的可靠性。
饱和化合物和芳香化合物在石油工业中至关重要,可用于评估源岩和石油的热成熟度,这对于盆地建模和甜点绘图至关重要。这些化合物在石油泄漏指纹识别和生物地球化学等环境应用中也发挥着重要作用。然而,使用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析这些化合物需要细致而耗时的分离过程。传统方法(如正相液相色谱法(LCC))需要使用大量有害溶剂。本研究利用固相萃取 (SPE) 技术评估了五种不同吸附剂(中性硅、SiOH、Ag-离子、中性铝和与活性二氧化硅混合的 Ag-离子)与 LCC 相比的效果。目的是找出饱和化合物和芳香化合物在峰值分辨率、浓度和异构体比率方面的差异,以便进行热成熟度和源岩评估。结果表明,SiOH、中性硅和中性铝不能完全将芳香族化合物从饱和组分中分离出来,有时会在饱和组分中残留 40-100% 的芳香族化合物。与活性二氧化硅混合的 Ag-ion 分离效果最好,其芳烃浓度比 SiOH 高出 23 倍。这种方法对饱和化合物和芳香族化合物的定量更为可靠,提高了碳氢化合物评估的效率,并将溶剂消耗量减少了 63%,为碳氢化合物分析提供了一种更具可持续性的方法。
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来源期刊
Journal of Chromatography A
Journal of Chromatography A 化学-分析化学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
14.60%
发文量
742
审稿时长
45 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Chromatography A provides a forum for the publication of original research and critical reviews on all aspects of fundamental and applied separation science. The scope of the journal includes chromatography and related techniques, electromigration techniques (e.g. electrophoresis, electrochromatography), hyphenated and other multi-dimensional techniques, sample preparation, and detection methods such as mass spectrometry. Contributions consist mainly of research papers dealing with the theory of separation methods, instrumental developments and analytical and preparative applications of general interest.
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