Global trends in adolescent and young adult female cancer burden, 1990-2021: insights from the Global Burden of Disease study

IF 7.1 2区医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY ESMO Open Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103958

Z. Huang , J. Wang , H. Liu , B. Wang , M. Qi , Z. Lyu , H. Liu

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Abstract

Background

The impact of breast carcinoma and genital tract malignancy on the physical and mental health, especially reproductive function, of women aged 15-39 years in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) group is significant. This research aims to analyze the burden of AYA female cancer in various regions and countries globally from 1990 to 2021.

Materials and methods

Epidemiological data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021. The study analyzed data on female cancers (breast, ovarian, uterine, and cervical) to assess disease burden across different ages, years, and locations, encompassing 21 GBD regions, 195 countries, and five sociodemographic index (SDI) regions.

Results

In 2021, AYA female cancer saw 383 241 new cases and 81 679 deaths globally, with 2 975 183 prevalent cases and 4 855 780 disability-adjusted life years. In 2021, Central Latin America recorded the highest age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and prevalence rates (ASPR), whereas South sub-Saharan Africa had the highest age-standardized mortality (ASMR) and disability rates (ASDR). Nations with high SDI typically exhibited elevated ASIR and ASPR, whereas ASMR and ASDR demonstrated inverse patterns. Over the past three decades, ASIR and ASPR of female cancers among AYA women have increased globally. In contrast, the ASMR and ASDR have demonstrated a declining trend. Notably, breast cancer emerged as the most prevalent malignancy among AYA women.

Conclusions

Over the past three decades, the ASIR and ASPR of AYA female cancers have consistently increased, significantly burdening this demographic. Additionally, pronounced disparities are evident across different regions and countries, with AYA women in low SDI environments experiencing poorer prognoses compared to their counterparts in high SDI environments. Consequently, it is imperative to enhance interregional collaboration and communication to optimize the overall prognosis of AYA female cancers.

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1990-2021 年全球青少年和年轻成年女性癌症负担趋势：全球疾病负担研究的启示。

背景：乳腺癌和生殖道恶性肿瘤对 15-39 岁青少年女性群体的身心健康，尤其是生殖功能影响巨大。本研究旨在分析 1990 年至 2021 年全球不同地区和国家的青少年和青年女性癌症负担：流行病学数据来自 2021 年全球疾病负担（GBD）研究。该研究分析了女性癌症（乳腺癌、卵巢癌、子宫癌和宫颈癌）的数据，以评估不同年龄、不同年份和不同地区的疾病负担，涵盖了 21 个 GBD 地区、195 个国家和 5 个社会人口指数（SDI）地区：结果：2021 年，全球青壮年女性癌症新增病例 383 241 例，死亡 81 679 例，流行病例 2 975 183 例，残疾调整生命年数 4 855 780 年。2021 年，拉丁美洲中部的年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）和患病率（ASPR）最高，而撒哈拉以南非洲南部的年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）和残疾率（ASDR）最高。SDI 高的国家通常表现出较高的 ASIR 和 ASPR，而 ASMR 和 ASDR 则表现出相反的模式。在过去的三十年中，全球青少年女性癌症的 ASIR 和 ASPR 均有所上升。相比之下，ASMR 和 ASDR 则呈下降趋势。值得注意的是，乳腺癌已成为亚健康女性中发病率最高的恶性肿瘤：结论：在过去的三十年中，青少年女性癌症的 ASIR 和 ASPR 持续上升，给这一人群带来了沉重的负担。此外，不同地区和国家之间存在着明显的差异，低 SDI 环境中的亚裔女性与高 SDI 环境中的亚裔女性相比预后更差。因此，当务之急是加强地区间的合作与交流，以优化青壮年女性癌症的整体预后。

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来源期刊

ESMO Open Medicine-Oncology

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

2.70%

发文量

255

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： ESMO Open is the online-only, open access journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). It is a peer-reviewed publication dedicated to sharing high-quality medical research and educational materials from various fields of oncology. The journal specifically focuses on showcasing innovative clinical and translational cancer research. ESMO Open aims to publish a wide range of research articles covering all aspects of oncology, including experimental studies, translational research, diagnostic advancements, and therapeutic approaches. The content of the journal includes original research articles, insightful reviews, thought-provoking editorials, and correspondence. Moreover, the journal warmly welcomes the submission of phase I trials and meta-analyses. It also showcases reviews from significant ESMO conferences and meetings, as well as publishes important position statements on behalf of ESMO. Overall, ESMO Open offers a platform for scientists, clinicians, and researchers in the field of oncology to share their valuable insights and contribute to advancing the understanding and treatment of cancer. The journal serves as a source of up-to-date information and fosters collaboration within the oncology community.