Discovery of a glyphosate oxidase in nature.

IF 2.2 4区生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI:10.1093/femsle/fnae086

Minghui Ma, Afshan Ardalan, Adrian Van Dyk, Trevor C Charles, Geoff P Horsman

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Abstract

Glyphosate is the most used herbicide on Earth. After a half-century of use we know only two biodegradative pathways, each of which appears to degrade glyphosate incidentally. One pathway begins with oxidation of glyphosate catalysed by glycine oxidase (GO). To date, no naturally occurring GO enzymes preferentially oxidize glyphosate but nonetheless are sufficiently active to initiate its degradation. However, GO enzymes that preferentially oxidize glyphosate over glycine-i.e. glyphosate oxidases (GOXs)-may have evolved in environments facing prolonged glyphosate exposure. To test this hypothesis, we screened a metagenomic library from glyphosate-exposed agricultural soil and identified a GOX from clone 11AW19 (GO19) that prefers glyphosate over glycine by four orders of magnitude. This is the first GO isolated from a natural source exhibiting a glyphosate preference. Not only have we discovered the first GOX in nature, but we have also demonstrated the utility of functional metagenomics to find a GOX with greater catalytic efficiency and specificity than those engineered using directed evolution.

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在自然界发现草甘膦氧化酶

草甘膦是地球上使用最多的除草剂。经过半个世纪的使用，我们只知道两种生物降解途径，每种途径似乎都能偶然降解草甘膦。一种途径是由甘氨酸氧化酶（GO）催化草甘膦氧化。迄今为止，还没有天然存在的 GO 酶会优先氧化草甘膦，但其活性足以启动草甘膦的降解。然而，优先氧化草甘膦而不是甘氨酸的 GO 酶（即草甘膦氧化酶）可能是在长期接触草甘膦的环境中进化而来的。为了验证这一假设，我们筛选了来自暴露于草甘膦的农业土壤的元基因组文库，并从克隆 11AW19 （GO19）中鉴定出了一种草甘膦氧化酶，它比甘氨酸更喜欢草甘膦，喜欢程度高出四个数量级。这是第一个从自然界分离出来的表现出草甘膦偏好的 GO。我们不仅在自然界中发现了第一个草甘膦氧化酶，而且还证明了功能元基因组学在寻找草甘膦氧化酶方面的实用性，这种氧化酶的催化效率和特异性比那些利用定向进化技术设计的氧化酶更高。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Fems Microbiology Letters 生物-微生物学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

112

审稿时长

1.9 months

期刊介绍： FEMS Microbiology Letters gives priority to concise papers that merit rapid publication by virtue of their originality, general interest and contribution to new developments in microbiology. All aspects of microbiology, including virology, are covered. 2019 Impact Factor: 1.987, Journal Citation Reports (Source Clarivate, 2020) Ranking: 98/135 (Microbiology) The journal is divided into eight Sections: Physiology and Biochemistry (including genetics, molecular biology and ‘omic’ studies) Food Microbiology (from food production and biotechnology to spoilage and food borne pathogens) Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology Pathogens and Pathogenicity (including medical, veterinary, plant and insect pathogens – particularly those relating to food security – with the exception of viruses) Environmental Microbiology (including ecophysiology, ecogenomics and meta-omic studies) Virology (viruses infecting any organism, including Bacteria and Archaea) Taxonomy and Systematics (for publication of novel taxa, taxonomic reclassifications and reviews of a taxonomic nature) Professional Development (including education, training, CPD, research assessment frameworks, research and publication metrics, best-practice, careers and history of microbiology) If you are unsure which Section is most appropriate for your manuscript, for example in the case of transdisciplinary studies, we recommend that you contact the Editor-In-Chief by email prior to submission. Our scope includes any type of microorganism - all members of the Bacteria and the Archaea and microbial members of the Eukarya (yeasts, filamentous fungi, microbial algae, protozoa, oomycetes, myxomycetes, etc.) as well as all viruses.