COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness of Booster Doses Against Delta and Omicron Variants Over Follow-up Times Using Longitudinal Meta-analysis.

IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Journal of research in health sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI:10.34172/jrhs.2024.161
Farideh Mostafavi, Mansour Bahardoust, Francesco Sera, Alireza Amirabadizadeh, Sepehr Allahyari, Paddy Ssentongod, Manochehr Karami, Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
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Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is a viral disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2, leading to several variants. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of booster doses against the Delta and Omicron variants over different follow-up times. Study Design: This was a longitudinal meta-analysis.

Methods: Searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, and eighty studies were selected for investigation. The analyses were separately performed on the unvaccinated control group (UNVCG) and the complete two doses of the vaccine control group (C2DCG) against Delta and Omicron variants. Three outcomes were examined, including symptomatic infection, hospitalization, and death.

Results: Vaccine effectiveness (VE) in UNVCG studies for symptomatic infection revealed a non-linear trend against Omicron with a peak of 67.3%, declining to 27.1% after 25 weeks after a booster dose. The mean of VE for hospitalization over time started to decrease after four weeks against Omicron and after eight weeks against Delta. The VE reached a peak at week eight (96.0%) and started to decline with a VE of 93.3% after 20 weeks after the booster dose against Delta. It was 90.8% at week four and decreased to 73.4% after 25 weeks after the booster dose against Omicron. VE in the C2DCG studies demonstrated more decreases in outcomes over time.

Conclusion: Our findings showed a tendency to decrease effectiveness over time based on outcomes and variants. The early protection levels were lower in Omicron. Moreover, the VE decrease over time was stronger in Omicron compared to the Delta variant.

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利用纵向 Meta 分析法研究 COVID-19 疫苗在随访期间对德尔塔和奥米克龙变异株的加强剂量效果。
背景:COVID-19 是一种由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的病毒性疾病,可导致多种变种。本研究旨在考察不同随访时间内针对Delta和Omicron变种的加强剂量的有效性。研究设计:这是一项纵向荟萃分析:在 PubMed、Cochrane Library、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了检索,并选择了 80 项研究进行调查。分别对未接种疫苗的对照组(UNVCG)和接种两剂完整疫苗的对照组(C2DCG)进行了分析,以了解Delta和Omicron变异体的情况。对三种结果进行了研究,包括无症状感染、住院和死亡:结果:在 UNVCG 研究中,针对无症状感染的疫苗有效性(VE)显示出与 Omicron 的非线性趋势,峰值为 67.3%,在加强剂量 25 周后降至 27.1%。随着时间的推移,奥美康的平均住院率在四周后开始下降,德尔塔的平均住院率在八周后开始下降。第 8 周时,VE 达到峰值(96.0%),随后开始下降,在对 Delta 注射加强剂量 20 周后,VE 为 93.3%。第四周时,VE 为 90.8%,在对 Omicron 强效用药 25 周后,VE 降至 73.4%。C2DCG研究中的VE随着时间的推移,疗效下降的幅度更大:我们的研究结果表明,根据结果和变异情况,随着时间的推移,有效性呈下降趋势。奥美康的早期保护水平较低。此外,与 Delta 变体相比,Omicron 的 VE 随时间推移的下降幅度更大。
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来源期刊
Journal of research in health sciences
Journal of research in health sciences PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
13.30%
发文量
7
期刊介绍: The Journal of Research in Health Sciences (JRHS) is the official journal of the School of Public Health; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, which is published quarterly. Since 2017, JRHS is published electronically. JRHS is a peer-reviewed, scientific publication which is produced quarterly and is a multidisciplinary journal in the field of public health, publishing contributions from Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Public Health, Occupational Health, Environmental Health, Health Education, and Preventive and Social Medicine. We do not publish clinical trials, nursing studies, animal studies, qualitative studies, nutritional studies, health insurance, and hospital management. In addition, we do not publish the results of laboratory and chemical studies in the field of ergonomics, occupational health, and environmental health
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