Effects of High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets on Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous Activities: An Experimental Study Using Heart Rate Variability.

IF 2.3 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Nutrition and Metabolic Insights Pub Date : 2024-10-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1177/11786388241285544
Toru Satoh, Hidetoshi Kobayashi
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Abstract

Background: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is affected by several factors, including major nutrients. However, their effects on the ANS remains unclear. Most studies had several limitations. They focused on humans, therefore they had difficulties excluding factors other than the nutrients. Their observation periods were too short (<4 hours) to align with typical absorption times of carbohydrates versus fats. They assessed the effects compared with the pre-prandial state rather than comparisons between different nutrient types.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of carbohydrates and fats on the ANS.

Method: We employed a rat model to exclude the effects of external stimuli, used sufficient observation period, and compared the ANS parameters among animals fed 3 different diets. The rats were divided into carbohydrate-rich-diet (carb group) and fat-rich-diet (fat group) groups. We investigated the effects of carbohydrates and fats on the ANS by measuring heart rate variability parameters in rats. Electrodes and electrocardiography (ECG) transmitters were implanted in 14 Wistar rats maintained on a standard diet for 2 days followed by the experimental diets for 2 days. ECG readings were continuously recorded for 4 days. The R waves, function of the R-R interval, and time were calculated. A fast Fourier transform was used to obtain the power spectrum of the fluctuation (low frequency [LF: 0.2-0.75 Hz]; high frequency [HF: 0.75-3.0 Hz]; LF/HF ratio).

Result: Compared with the standard-diet group, the carb group showed significantly increased HF activity, while the fat group showed a significantly increased LF/HF ratio.

Conclusion: The results reveal a link between macronutrients and ANS activity.

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高碳水化合物和高脂肪饮食对副交感神经和交感神经活动的影响:使用心率变异性的实验研究。
背景:自律神经系统(ANS)受多种因素的影响,其中包括主要营养素。然而,它们对自律神经系统的影响仍不明确。大多数研究都存在一些局限性。它们以人类为研究对象,因此难以排除营养素以外的因素。它们的观察期太短(目标:研究碳水化合物对自律神经系统的影响):我们旨在研究碳水化合物和脂肪对自律神经系统的影响:方法:我们采用大鼠模型,排除外部刺激的影响,使用足够的观察期,比较喂食 3 种不同饮食的动物的自律神经系统参数。大鼠分为富含碳水化合物饮食组(碳水化合物组)和富含脂肪饮食组(脂肪组)。我们通过测量大鼠的心率变异性参数来研究碳水化合物和脂肪对 ANS 的影响。我们给 14 只 Wistar 大鼠植入了电极和心电图(ECG)发射器,这些大鼠先用标准饮食饲养 2 天,然后再用实验饮食饲养 2 天。连续记录心电图读数 4 天。计算 R 波、R-R 间期函数和时间。使用快速傅立叶变换获得波动的功率谱(低频[LF:0.2-0.75 Hz];高频[HF:0.75-3.0 Hz];LF/HF 比):结果:与标准饮食组相比,碳水化合物组的高频活动明显增加,而脂肪组的低频/高频比明显增加:结论:研究结果揭示了宏量营养素与自律神经系统活动之间的联系。
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来源期刊
Nutrition and Metabolic Insights
Nutrition and Metabolic Insights NUTRITION & DIETETICS-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
27
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Nutrition and Metabolic Insights is a peer-reviewed, open-access online journal focusing on all aspects of nutrition and metabolism. This encompasses nutrition, including the biochemistry of metabolism, exercise and associated physical processes and also includes clinical articles that relate to metabolism, such as obesity, lipidemias and diabetes. It includes research at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels. This journal welcomes new manuscripts for peer review on the following topics: Nutrition, including the biochemistry of metabolism, Exercise and associated physical processes, Clinical articles that relate to metabolism, such as obesity, lipidemias and diabetes, Research at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels, Other areas of interest include gene-nutrient interactions, the effects of hormones, models of metabolic function, macronutrient interactions, outcomes of changes in diet, and pathophysiology.
期刊最新文献
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