Serum phoenixin levels in girls with central precocious puberty and premature thelarche.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Endocrine Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI:10.1007/s12020-024-04074-x

Yujie Qin, Hongyang Deng, Lujie Liu, Meng Li, Jiong Yang, Chenglin Zhang, Jing Zhou, Yanfeng Xiao

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Abstract

Background and aim: Phoenixin (PNX), a newly discovered neuropeptide associated with reproduction, has been speculated to be involved in precocious puberty. Therefore, we assessed serum PNX levels in girls with precocious puberty.

Methods: Serum phoenixin-14 (PNX-14) and phoenixin-20 (PNX-20) levels were determined in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) and premature thelarche (PT) and in healthy controls (n = 58 per group). Spearman's correlation was used to analyze the correlations between variables. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the performance of PNX for the diagnosis of CPP. Significant predictors of serum PNX levels were determined using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and multiple linear regression analyses.

Results: Serum PNX-14 and PNX-20 levels were significantly higher in girls with CPP than in the controls; however, no significant differences in serum PNX-14 and PNX-20 levels were observed between girls with PT and the controls. PNX-20 levels were positively correlated with basal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, peak LH levels, the peak LH to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio, and estradiol levels. No significant correlation was observed between PNX-14 levels and any of these parameters. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that PNX-20 levels exhibited the strongest correlation with peak LH/FSH values. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of PNX-14 and PNX-20 for predicting CPP were 0.628 (cut-off value, 100.12 pg/mL; sensitivity, 44.6%; specificity, 77.6%) and 0.775 (cut-off value, 360.03 pg/mL; sensitivity, 66.5%; specificity, 79.3%), respectively. When these two indicators were combined, the AUC was 0.785.

Conclusions: Serum PNX levels may be associated with precocious puberty in girls and can be used as an auxiliary CPP indicator. However, given the low sensitivity and specificity of PNX, it should not be used as a single diagnostic indicator of CPP.

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中枢性性早熟和月经提前女孩的血清凤凰素水平。

背景和目的：凤凰素（PNX）是一种新发现的与生殖有关的神经肽，有人推测它与性早熟有关。因此，我们对性早熟女孩的血清 PNX 水平进行了评估：方法：测定中枢性性早熟（CPP）和早熟（PT）女孩以及健康对照组（每组 58 人）的血清凤凰素-14（PNX-14）和凤凰素-20（PNX-20）水平。斯皮尔曼相关法用于分析变量之间的相关性。接收者操作特征曲线用于评估 PNX 诊断 CPP 的性能。使用最小绝对缩减和选择运算符回归及多元线性回归分析确定了血清 PNX 水平的重要预测因子：结果：CPP女孩的血清PNX-14和PNX-20水平明显高于对照组；但PT女孩的血清PNX-14和PNX-20水平与对照组无明显差异。PNX-20水平与基础黄体生成素（LH）水平、LH峰值水平、LH峰值与卵泡刺激素（FSH）比率以及雌二醇水平呈正相关。而 PNX-14 水平与这些参数均无明显相关性。多变量线性回归分析显示，PNX-20 水平与 LH/FSH 峰值的相关性最强。PNX-14 和 PNX-20 预测 CPP 的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为 0.628（临界值，100.12 pg/mL；灵敏度，44.6%；特异性，77.6%）和 0.775（临界值，360.03 pg/mL；灵敏度，66.5%；特异性，79.3%）。将这两个指标合并后，AUC 为 0.785：血清 PNX 水平可能与女孩性早熟有关，可作为 CPP 的辅助指标。然而，鉴于 PNX 的敏感性和特异性较低，不应将其作为 CPP 的单一诊断指标。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Endocrine ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

5.40%

发文量

295

审稿时长

1.5 months

期刊介绍： Well-established as a major journal in today’s rapidly advancing experimental and clinical research areas, Endocrine publishes original articles devoted to basic (including molecular, cellular and physiological studies), translational and clinical research in all the different fields of endocrinology and metabolism. Articles will be accepted based on peer-reviews, priority, and editorial decision. Invited reviews, mini-reviews and viewpoints on relevant pathophysiological and clinical topics, as well as Editorials on articles appearing in the Journal, are published. Unsolicited Editorials will be evaluated by the editorial team. Outcomes of scientific meetings, as well as guidelines and position statements, may be submitted. The Journal also considers special feature articles in the field of endocrine genetics and epigenetics, as well as articles devoted to novel methods and techniques in endocrinology. Endocrine covers controversial, clinical endocrine issues. Meta-analyses on endocrine and metabolic topics are also accepted. Descriptions of single clinical cases and/or small patients studies are not published unless of exceptional interest. However, reports of novel imaging studies and endocrine side effects in single patients may be considered. Research letters and letters to the editor related or unrelated to recently published articles can be submitted. Endocrine covers leading topics in endocrinology such as neuroendocrinology, pituitary and hypothalamic peptides, thyroid physiological and clinical aspects, bone and mineral metabolism and osteoporosis, obesity, lipid and energy metabolism and food intake control, insulin, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, hormones of male and female reproduction, adrenal diseases pediatric and geriatric endocrinology, endocrine hypertension and endocrine oncology.