Changes in Treg cells and cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with coronary artery disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Heart & Lung Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.10.004

Runqi Liu , Jinghui Bao , Ying Tang , Danyan Xu , Li Shen , Huali Qin

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Abstract

Background

Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) develop serious atherosclerotic and diffuse lesions. Inadequate numbers and the dysfunction of CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg cells) are common mechanisms underlying the immunopathological damage in CAD and T2DM.

Objectives

We aimed to explore Treg cell changes in patients with CAD complicated with T2DM and to investigate the association between Treg cells and the severity of CAD.

Methods

A total of 257 participants were included in the study, divided into a healthy control group (HC, n = 63), CAD group (n = 106), and CAD complicated with T2DM group (CAD+T2DM, n = 88). Flow cytometry detected Treg cell levels, and serum IL-10, IL-6, and ELISA detected TGF-β.

Results

The sample for this study consisted of 170 males and 87 females, with 88 (34.24 %) participants having diabetes and 169 (65.76 %) without diabetes. The proportion of circulating Treg cells was lower in the CAD and CAD+T2DM groups than in the HC group, and it was lower in the CAD+T2DM group than in the CAD group. The plasma levels of IL-10 and TGF-β were lower in the CAD than in the HC group, and the levels in the CAD+T2DM group were significantly lower than those in the CAD group. However, the plasma IL-6 level changed in the opposite direction. Gensini's score was negatively correlated with Treg cells (R = - 0.57, P < .05). Subgroup analyses and interaction analyses showed that the association of Treg with the Gensini score was robust.

Conclusion

The level of Treg cells was an independent protective factor for patients with CAD and T2DM and was negatively correlated with the Gensini score. Therefore, Treg cells may be used as therapeutic targets for CAD with T2DM patients.

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冠心病合并 2 型糖尿病患者外周血中 Treg 细胞和细胞因子的变化。

背景：冠状动脉疾病（CAD）合并2型糖尿病（T2DM）的患者会出现严重的动脉粥样硬化和弥漫性病变。CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ 调节性 T 淋巴细胞（Treg 细胞）数量不足和功能障碍是 CAD 和 T2DM 免疫病理损伤的常见机制：我们的目的是探索并发 T2DM 的 CAD 患者的 Treg 细胞变化，并研究 Treg 细胞与 CAD 严重程度之间的关联：研究共纳入257名参与者，分为健康对照组（HC，n = 63）、CAD组（n = 106）和CAD并发T2DM组（CAD+T2DM，n = 88）。流式细胞术检测Treg细胞水平，血清IL-10、IL-6和ELISA检测TGF-β：研究样本包括 170 名男性和 87 名女性，其中 88 人（34.24%）患有糖尿病，169 人（65.76%）未患糖尿病。CAD组和CAD+T2DM组的循环Treg细胞比例低于HC组，CAD+T2DM组低于CAD组。CAD组血浆中IL-10和TGF-β的水平低于HC组，CAD+T2DM组明显低于CAD组。然而，血浆 IL-6 水平的变化方向相反。Gensini评分与Treg细胞呈负相关（R = - 0.57，P < .05）。亚组分析和交互分析表明，Treg与Gensini评分的关系是稳健的：结论：Treg细胞水平是CAD和T2DM患者的独立保护因素，与Gensini评分呈负相关。因此，Treg细胞可作为治疗T2DM合并CAD患者的靶点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Heart & Lung 医学-呼吸系统

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

3.60%

发文量

184

审稿时长

35 days

期刊介绍： Heart & Lung: The Journal of Cardiopulmonary and Acute Care, the official publication of The American Association of Heart Failure Nurses, presents original, peer-reviewed articles on techniques, advances, investigations, and observations related to the care of patients with acute and critical illness and patients with chronic cardiac or pulmonary disorders. The Journal''s acute care articles focus on the care of hospitalized patients, including those in the critical and acute care settings. Because most patients who are hospitalized in acute and critical care settings have chronic conditions, we are also interested in the chronically critically ill, the care of patients with chronic cardiopulmonary disorders, their rehabilitation, and disease prevention. The Journal''s heart failure articles focus on all aspects of the care of patients with this condition. Manuscripts that are relevant to populations across the human lifespan are welcome.