Specific calcium deposition on pre-procedural CCTA at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention predicts in-stent restenosis in symptomatic patients.

Rafael Adolf, Insa Krinke, Janina Datz, Salvatore Cassese, Adnan Kastrati, Michael Joner, Heribert Schunkert, Wolfgang Wall, Martin Hadamitzky, Leif-Christopher Engel
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Abstract

Purpose: To characterize preprocedural coronary atherosclerotic lesions derived from CCTA and assess their association with in-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort-study included patients who underwent CCTA for suspected coronary artery disease, subsequent index angiography including PCI and surveillance angiography within 6-8 months after the index procedure. We performed a plaque analysis of culprit lesions on CCTA using a dedicated plaque analysis software including assessment of the surrounding pericoronary fat attenuation index (FAI) and compared findings between lesions with and without ISR at surveillance angiography after stenting.

Results: Overall 278 coronary lesions in 209 patients were included. Of these lesions, 43 (15.5 ​%) had ISR at surveillance angiography after stenting while 235 (84.5 ​%) did not. Likewise, plaque composition such as volume of calcification [129.8 mm3 (83.3-212.6) vs. 94.4 mm3 (60.4-160.5) p ​= ​0.06] and lipid-rich and fibrous plaque volume [38.4 mm3 (19.4-71.2) vs. 38.0 mm3 (14.0-59.1), p ​= ​0.11 and 50.4 mm3 (26.1-77.6) vs. 42.1 mm3 (31.1-60.3), p ​= ​0.16] between lesion with and without ISR were not statistically significant. However lesions associated with ISR were more eccentric (n ​= ​37, 86.0 ​% versus n ​= ​159, 67,7 ​%; p ​= ​0.03) and more frequently demonstrated calcified portions on opposite sides on the vessel wall on cross-sectional datasets (n ​= ​24, 55.8 ​% versus n ​= ​55, 23.4 ​%, p ​= ​0.001). FAIlesion was significantly different in lesions with ISR as compared to those without ISR [-76.5 (-80.1 to -73.6) vs. -80.9 (-88.9 to -74.0), p ​= ​0.02]. There was no difference with respect to FAIRCA between the two groups [-77.4 (-81.9 to -75.6) vs. -78.5 (-86.0 to -71.0), p ​= ​0.41].

Conclusion: Coronary lesions associated with ISR at surveillance angiography demonstrated differences in the arrangement of calcified portions as well as an increased lesion-specific pericoronary fat attenuation index at baseline CCTA. This latter finding suggests that perivascular inflammation at baseline may play a major role in the development of in-stent restenosis.

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经皮冠状动脉介入治疗时术前 CCTA 上的特异性钙沉积可预测无症状患者支架内再狭窄的发生。
目的:描述从 CCTA 中得出的术前冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的特征,并评估它们与经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后支架内再狭窄(ISR)的关联:这项回顾性队列研究纳入了因疑似冠状动脉疾病接受 CCTA 检查、随后接受包括 PCI 在内的指数血管造影术以及指数造影术后 6-8 个月内接受监测血管造影术的患者。我们使用专用斑块分析软件对 CCTA 上的罪魁祸首病变进行了斑块分析,包括评估周围冠状动脉周围脂肪衰减指数(FAI),并比较了支架植入术后监测血管造影时有 ISR 和无 ISR 病变的结果:共纳入了 209 名患者的 278 个冠状动脉病变。在这些病变中,43 例(15.5%)在支架植入术后的监测血管造影中发现有 ISR,235 例(84.5%)没有。同样,斑块的组成,如钙化体积[129.8 mm3 (83.3-212.6) vs. 94.4 mm3 (60.4-160.5) p = 0.06]和富含脂质和纤维斑块体积[38.4 mm3 (19. 4-71.2) vs. 94.4 mm3 (60.4-160.5) p = 0.06]。4-71.2) vs. 38.0 mm3 (14.0-59.1), p = 0.11 和 50.4 mm3 (26.1-77.6) vs. 42.1 mm3 (31.1-60.3), p = 0.16]均无统计学意义。然而,与 ISR 相关的病变更偏心(n = 37,86.0% 对 n = 159,67.7%;p = 0.03),在横截面数据集上,血管壁两侧的钙化部分更常见(n = 24,55.8% 对 n = 55,23.4%;p = 0.001)。与无 ISR 的病变相比,有 ISR 的病变的 FAIlesion 有明显差异 [-76.5 (-80.1 to -73.6) vs. -80.9 (-88.9 to -74.0),p = 0.02]。两组的FAIRCA没有差异[-77.4 (-81.9 to -75.6) vs. -78.5 (-86.0 to -71.0), p = 0.41]:结论:在监测血管造影时,与 ISR 相关的冠状动脉病变在钙化部分的排列上存在差异,并且在基线 CCTA 时病变特异性冠状动脉周围脂肪衰减指数增加。后一项发现表明,基线时的血管周围炎症可能在支架内再狭窄的发生中扮演重要角色。
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