[Frailty, dependence, and unwanted loneliness in elderly. A review of the health plans].

Revista espanola de salud publica Pub Date : 2024-10-16
Jessica Rial-Vázquez, Mónica Pérez-Ríos, Leonor Varela-Lema, Julia Rey-Brandariz, Cristina Candal-Pedreira, Andrea Vila-Farinas, Lucía Martín-Gisbert, Alberto Ruano-Ravina
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Abstract

Objective: The health plan is a guiding tool for territorial health planning where the proposed objectives and measures should prioritize vulnerable groups. The aim of this study was to identify if the Regional Government health plans in Spain included measures related to frailty, dependence and unwanted loneliness aimed at elderly.

Methods: Institutional websites were scanned to identify the most recent health plan of each Regional Government. Information concerning the diagnosis, objectives, specific programs and types of measures on the three domains: frailty, dependence and loneliness was extracted manually. The search was performed on 10 July 2023.

Results: Sixteen health plans published between 2010 and 2023 were identified. Twelve of these had incorporated intervention measures on frailty, fourteen on dependence and eight on loneliness, with a considerable heterogeneity. Only eight Regional Governments provide for measures to detect and assess frailty. Aragón, Castilla-La Mancha, Cataluña, Extremadura, País Vasco, Principado de Asturias, Comunidad Foral de Navarra and Comunitat Valenciana were the Regional Governments that presented objectives in the three domains.

Conclusions: The measures proposed by the Regional Governments on frailty, dependence and unwanted loneliness are highly heterogeneous. In the same manner that exists for frailty, it is recommended to stablish a consensus including dependency and unwanted loneliness. Surprisingly, the measures focus more on late stages (dependence) than on prevention (frailty). This study could serve the Regional Governments to in-depth review their health plans, and to examine the actions carried out in other regions to improve the quality of their proposals.

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[老年人的虚弱、依赖和不必要的孤独。健康计划回顾]。
目标:健康计划是地区健康规划的指导工具,其中提出的目标和措施应优先考虑弱势群体。本研究旨在确定西班牙地区政府的卫生计划中是否包含针对老年人的与虚弱、依赖性和不必要的孤独相关的措施:方法:对各机构网站进行扫描,以确定各地区政府的最新健康计划。人工提取了有关虚弱、依赖和孤独这三个领域的诊断、目标、具体计划和措施类型的信息。搜索于 2023 年 7 月 10 日完成:结果:共发现 16 项在 2010 年至 2023 年间发布的健康计划。其中 12 项计划纳入了虚弱干预措施,14 项计划纳入了依赖干预措施,8 项计划纳入了孤独干预措施。只有八个大区政府规定了检测和评估虚弱的措施。阿拉贡、卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼恰、加泰罗尼亚、埃斯特雷马杜拉、巴斯克地区、阿斯图里亚斯大公国、纳瓦拉大区和巴伦西亚大区是在这三个领域提出目标的大区政府:各地区政府针对体弱、依赖性和不必要的孤独所提出的措施各不相同。与针对体弱的措施一样,建议就依赖性和不想要的孤独达成共识。令人惊讶的是,这些措施更多地关注晚期(依赖性),而不是预防(虚弱)。这项研究可以帮助各地区政府深入审查其卫生计划,并研究其他地区采取的行动,以提高其建议的质量。
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