Predictive factors for interstitial lung disease progression in a Singapore systemic sclerosis cohort: a multicentre study.

Singapore medical journal Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI:10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2023-225

Maria Noviani, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Gim Gee Teng, Xin Rong Lim, Grace Yin Lai Chan, Amelia Santosa, Cassandra Hong, Sue-Ann Ng, Andrea Hsiu Ling Low

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Abstract

Introduction: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is heterogeneous with varied progression rate. This study aimed to identify the baseline clinical characteristics associated with ILD progression within 1, 3 and 5 years of the diagnosis of ILD.

Methods: This was a prospective, multicentre study - Systematic Sclerosis Cohort Singapore - conducted from January 2008 to February 2021, which included SSc patients with ILD diagnosed by high-resolution computed tomography. Progression of ILD was defined by forced vital capacity (FVC) decline ≥10% predicted or FVC decline 5%-9% predicted, with diffusing lung capacity of carbon monoxide decline ≥15% from the time of ILD diagnosis. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses, adjusting for malignancy and treatment, were performed to determine independent risk factors of ILD progression.

Results: Of 124 SSc patients with ILD, 47.6% had limited cutaneous SSc, 33.9% had diffuse SSc and 18.5% had SSc-overlap. Progression of ILD was seen in 6%, 15% and 23% of patients within 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. After adjusting for malignancy and treatment, anti-La was associated with ILD progression within 1 year (odds ratio [OR] 6.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-42.2; P = 0.04) and 3 years (OR 5.98, 95% CI: 1.31-27.4; P = 0.02), and anti-Scl-70 was associated with ILD progression within 5 years (OR 2.54, 95% CI: 1.05-6.12; P = 0.04). Analysing time to ILD progression as an outcome, anti-La was significantly associated with higher risk of ILD progression (hazard ratio 3.47, 95% CI: 1.18-10.2; P = 0.02). Time to ILD progression was 1.4 years in patients with anti-La versus 6.9 years in patients without anti-La (P = 0.02), and 4.7 years in patients with anti-Scl-70 versus 8.9 years in patients without anti-Scl-70 (P = 0.12).

Conclusion: In this Asian cohort of SSc patients, autoantibodies may help to predict ILD progression rates.

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新加坡系统性硬化症队列中间质性肺病进展的预测因素：一项多中心研究。

导言：系统性硬化症（SSc）患者的间质性肺病（ILD）具有异质性，其进展速度各不相同。本研究旨在确定在确诊 ILD 后 1、3 和 5 年内与 ILD 进展相关的基线临床特征：这是一项前瞻性多中心研究--新加坡系统性硬化队列研究--于2008年1月至2021年2月进行，研究对象包括经高分辨率计算机断层扫描确诊患有ILD的SSc患者。强迫生命容量（FVC）下降≥10%（预测值）或FVC下降5%-9%（预测值），一氧化碳肺弥散容量下降≥15%（诊断为ILD时），即为ILD进展。在对恶性肿瘤和治疗进行调整后，进行了多变量逻辑分析和 Cox 回归分析，以确定 ILD 进展的独立风险因素：在124名患有ILD的SSc患者中，47.6%患有局限性皮肤SSc，33.9%患有弥漫性SSc，18.5%患有SSc-重叠性SSc。分别有6%、15%和23%的患者在1年、3年和5年内出现ILD进展。调整恶性肿瘤和治疗因素后，抗La与1年内（几率比[OR]6.94，95% 置信区间[CI]：1.14-42.2；P = 0.04）和3年内（OR 5.98，95% CI：1.31-27.4；P = 0.02）的ILD进展相关，抗Scl-70与5年内的ILD进展相关（OR 2.54，95% CI：1.05-6.12；P = 0.04）。将 ILD 进展时间作为一项结果进行分析，抗-La 与较高的 ILD 进展风险显著相关（危险比 3.47，95% CI：1.18-10.2；P = 0.02）。抗La患者的ILD进展时间为1.4年，而无抗La患者为6.9年（P = 0.02）；抗Scl-70患者的ILD进展时间为4.7年，而无抗Scl-70患者为8.9年（P = 0.12）：结论：在这批亚洲 SSc 患者中，自身抗体有助于预测 ILD 的进展率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Singapore medical journal

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