The Gut Microbiota Modulates Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: Elucidating Crucial Factors and Mechanistic Underpinnings

IF 4.8 1区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI:10.1111/cns.70091

Jianshe Yang, Junyi Liang, Niyuan Hu, Ningjuan He, Bin Liu, Guoliang Liu, Ying Qin

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Abstract

Background and Purpose

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and neuronal loss, commonly linked to amyloid-β plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammation. Recent research highlights the gut microbiota as a key player in modulating neuroinflammation, a critical pathological feature of AD. Understanding the role of the gut microbiota in this process is essential for uncovering new therapeutic avenues and gaining deeper insights into AD pathogenesis.

Methods

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of how gut microbiota influences neuroinflammation and glial cell function in AD. A systematic literature search was conducted, covering studies from 2014 to 2024, including reviews, clinical trials, and animal studies. Keywords such as “gut microbiota,” “Alzheimer's disease,” “neuroinflammation,” and “blood–brain barrier” were used.

Results

Dysbiosis, or the imbalance in gut microbiota composition, has been implicated in the modulation of key AD-related mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier integrity, and neurotransmitter regulation. These disruptions may accelerate the onset and progression of AD. Additionally, therapeutic strategies targeting gut microbiota, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, show promise in modulating AD pathology.

Conclusions

The gut microbiota is a pivotal factor in AD pathogenesis, influencing neuroinflammation and disease progression. Understanding the role of gut microbiota in AD opens avenues for innovative diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies.

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肠道微生物群调节阿尔茨海默病的神经炎症：阐明关键因素和机制基础

背景和目的：阿尔茨海默病（AD）的特征是进行性认知能力下降和神经元丧失，通常与淀粉样β斑块、神经纤维缠结和神经炎症有关。最近的研究强调，肠道微生物群是调节神经炎症的关键因素，而神经炎症是注意力缺失症的一个重要病理特征。了解肠道微生物群在这一过程中的作用对于发现新的治疗途径和深入了解 AD 的发病机制至关重要：本综述全面分析了肠道微生物群如何影响 AD 的神经炎症和神经胶质细胞功能。本综述全面分析了肠道微生物群如何影响AD的神经炎症和神经胶质细胞功能。我们进行了系统的文献检索，涵盖2014年至2024年的研究，包括综述、临床试验和动物实验。关键词包括 "肠道微生物群"、"阿尔茨海默病"、"神经炎症 "和 "血脑屏障"：结果：肠道微生物菌群失调或肠道微生物菌群组成失衡已被认为与调节与阿尔茨海默病相关的关键机制有关，包括神经炎症、血脑屏障完整性和神经递质调节。这些干扰可能会加速 AD 的发病和进展。此外，针对肠道微生物群的治疗策略，如益生菌、益生元和粪便微生物群移植，在调节AD病理学方面也显示出前景：结论：肠道微生物群是影响神经炎症和疾病进展的AD发病机制的关键因素。了解肠道微生物群在 AD 中的作用为创新诊断、预防和治疗策略开辟了道路。

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来源期刊

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

12.70%

发文量

240

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics provides a medium for rapid publication of original clinical, experimental, and translational research papers, timely reviews and reports of novel findings of therapeutic relevance to the central nervous system, as well as papers related to clinical pharmacology, drug development and novel methodologies for drug evaluation. The journal focuses on neurological and psychiatric diseases such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, depression, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and drug abuse.