Effects of salinity and nutrient stress on a toxic freshwater cyanobacterial community and its associated microbiome: An experimental study

IF 3.6 4区 生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Microbiology Reports Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1111/1758-2229.70029
Océane Reignier, Enora Briand, Fabienne Hervé, Elise Robert, Véronique Savar, Simon Tanniou, Zouher Amzil, Cyril Noël, Myriam Bormans
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Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the ability of naturally occurring colonies of Microcystis, embedded in a thick mucilage, to persist in estuarine waters. In two batch experiments, we examined the dynamics of microbial communities, including cyanobacteria and associated heterotrophic bacteria, sampled from the field during both a cyanobacterial bloom (non-limiting nutrient condition) and the post-bloom period (limiting nutrient condition), and subjected them to a salinity gradient representative of the freshwater-marine continuum. We demonstrated that both Microcystis aeruginosa and M. wesenbergii survived high salinities due to osmolyte accumulation. Specifically, prolonged exposure to high salinity led to betaine accumulation in the cyanobacterial biomass. The relative abundance of the mcyB gene remained around 30%, suggesting no selection for toxic genotypes with salinity or nutrient changes. Microcystins were predominantly intracellular, except at high salinity levels (>15), where more than 50% of the total microcystin concentration was extracellular. In both nutrient conditions, over 70% of the heterotrophic bacterial community belonged to the Gammaproteobacteria family, followed by the Bacteroidota. Bacterial community composition differed in both size fractions, as well as along the salinity gradient over time. Finally, genus-specific core microbiomes were identified and conserved even under highly stressful conditions, suggesting interactions that support community stability and resilience.

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盐度和营养压力对有毒淡水蓝藻群落及其相关微生物组的影响:实验研究
我们的目的是评估天然存在的微囊藻菌落(嵌入厚厚的粘液中)在河口水域中的存活能力。在两个分批实验中,我们考察了蓝藻藻华(非限制性营养条件)和藻华后(限制性营养条件)期间从野外采样的微生物群落(包括蓝藻和相关异养菌)的动态,并将它们置于代表淡水-海洋连续体的盐度梯度中。我们证明,铜绿微囊藻和威森伯格微囊藻都能在高盐度条件下存活,这是因为它们积累了渗透溶质。具体来说,长期暴露在高盐度环境中会导致蓝藻生物量中甜菜碱的积累。mcyB 基因的相对丰度保持在 30% 左右,这表明随着盐度或营养物质的变化,毒性基因型没有得到选择。微囊藻毒素主要存在于细胞内,但在高盐度条件下(>15),微囊藻毒素总浓度的 50%以上在细胞外。在这两种营养条件下,超过 70% 的异养细菌群落属于伽马蛋白菌科,其次是类杆菌科。细菌群落组成在两个大小分区以及随着时间的推移沿盐度梯度存在差异。最后,即使在高度应激条件下,也能识别和保存特定属的核心微生物群落,这表明相互作用支持群落的稳定性和恢复力。
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来源期刊
Environmental Microbiology Reports
Environmental Microbiology Reports ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-MICROBIOLOGY
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
3.00%
发文量
91
审稿时长
3.0 months
期刊介绍: The journal is identical in scope to Environmental Microbiology, shares the same editorial team and submission site, and will apply the same high level acceptance criteria. The two journals will be mutually supportive and evolve side-by-side. Environmental Microbiology Reports provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following: the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution population biology and clonal structure microbial metabolic and structural diversity microbial physiology, growth and survival microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling responses to environmental signals and stress factors modelling and theory development pollution microbiology extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens.
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