The Burden of Head Injuries in Iran from 1990 to 2019: Findings from The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

IF 2.9 Q1 EMERGENCY MEDICINE Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-19 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2391

Tahereh Maleki, Vali Baigi, Negin Safari, Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini

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Abstract

Introduction: Head injuries (HI) pose a significant public health concern globally, impacting morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and trends associated with head injuries in Iran from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: Our study, based on data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Study 2019, undertook a comprehensive comparison of the burden of HI in Iran with the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and global benchmarks. We assessed the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLD) through various metrics, including absolute numbers, age-standardized rates (ASR), percentage changes, and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) from 1990 to 2019.

Results: The incidence of HI in Iran decreased significantly from 1990 to 2019, with a notable reduction compared to MENA and global trends (EAPC: -1.44, 0.71, and -0.11, respectively). Prevalence showed a declining trend (EAPC: -1.00), with a slight increase in YLDs (EAPC: 0.12). Notable peaks in HI incidence coincided with natural disasters, notably the 1990 Manjil-Rudbar earthquake and the 2003 Bam earthquake.

Conclusion: Our study reveals a decline in the overall burden of HI in Iran over the study period. To sustain this positive trend and minimize the impact of HI on public health and socioeconomic well-being, policy efforts should be directed toward ongoing prevention, early detection, and preparedness for natural disasters.

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1990 年至 2019 年伊朗头部伤害的负担：2019 年全球疾病负担研究的结果》（The Burden of Disease Study 2019）。

导言：头部损伤（HI）是全球关注的重大公共卫生问题，影响着发病率、死亡率和经济负担。本研究旨在评估 1990 年至 2019 年伊朗与头部损伤相关的流行病学和趋势：我们的研究以《2019 年全球疾病负担研究》（GBD）的数据为基础，将伊朗的头部伤害负担与中东和北非地区（MENA）以及全球基准进行了全面比较。我们通过各种指标，包括 1990 年至 2019 年的绝对数字、年龄标准化比率（ASR）、百分比变化和估计年度百分比变化（EAPC），对发病率、流行率和残疾生存年数（YLD）进行了评估：从 1990 年到 2019 年，伊朗的人类乳头瘤病毒发病率大幅下降，与中东和北非地区以及全球趋势相比，降幅明显（EAPC：分别为-1.44、0.71 和-0.11）。流行率呈下降趋势（欧洲流行病学预测：-1.00），而青年死亡率略有上升（欧洲流行病学预测：0.12）。HI 发病率的显著高峰与自然灾害同时发生，特别是 1990 年的 Manjil-Rudbar 地震和 2003 年的巴姆地震：我们的研究表明，在研究期间，伊朗的流感总体负担有所下降。为了保持这一积极趋势，并最大限度地减少流感对公众健康和社会经济福祉的影响，政策努力的方向应是持续预防、早期检测和做好应对自然灾害的准备。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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