Evaluation of anti-Toxoplasma effects of solid lipid nanoparticles carrying Cinnamon zeylanicum and Moringa oleifera oil extracts.

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1186/s12906-024-04677-x

Mahsa Mottaghi, Parisa Karami, Zahra Hesari, Sara Nemati, Hanieh Mohammad Rahimi, Hamed Mirjalali

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Abstract

Background: The fabrication of anti-Toxoplasma drugs with less side effects and desirable efficacy is one of the important research goals facing with toxoplasmosis. This study aimed to determine the anti-Toxoplasma effects of Cinnamon zeylanicum (CZ), Moringa oleifera (MO) oil encapsulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs).

Methods: Vero cells were cultured with serial concentrations (1 mg/mL to 100 µg/mL) of CZ-SLNs and MO-SLNs in DMEM culture medium. The morphological, physical, and chemical features of nanoparticles were calculated. The cell viability assays and anti-T. gondii effects of CZ-SLNs and MO-SLNs were evaluated. The CC₅₀ and IC₅₀ indices of SLNs-enveloped extracts were calculated.

Results: The particle sizes of MO-SLNs and CZ-SLNs were 411.5 and 365 nm, while PDI indices were 0.53 and 0.7, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that both MO-SLNs and CZ-SLNs were smoothed spherical nanoparticles with rounded edges. The cytotoxicity assay showed the CC₅₀ value of MO-SLNs at concentrations of ˃10 mg/mL. In addition, 60% of T. gondii-infected Vero cells remained alive at the concentrations ≤ 1 mg/ml, while the MO-SLNs killed at least 90% of T. gondii tachyzoites with an IC₅₀ > 1 µg/ml. The cytotoxicity of CZ-SLNs extract showed the CC₅₀ at the concentration 0.1 mg/mL. More than 50% of Vero cells, infected with T. gondii tachyzoites, survived at a concentration less than 0.1 mg/mL (IC₅₀ ˂ 0.1 mg/mL), while the CZ-SLNs killed at least 85% of T. gondii tachyzoites in all concentrations.

Conclusion: The current results represented that the use of SLNs as a nano-carrier for M. oleifera and C. zeylanicum could kill T. gondii tachyzoites with low cytotoxicity, suggesting the effectiveness of these nano-emulsions along with the chemical agents in the treatment of Toxoplasma.

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含肉桂和辣木油提取物的固体脂质纳米颗粒的抗支原体效果评估

背景：制造副作用小、疗效理想的抗弓形虫药物是弓形虫病面临的重要研究目标之一。本研究旨在确定肉桂（Cinnamon zeylanicum，CZ）和油橄榄辣木（Moringa oleifera，MO）油封装在固体脂质纳米颗粒（Solid lipid nanoparticles，SLNs）中的抗弓形虫作用：在 DMEM 培养基中用系列浓度（1 mg/mL 至 100 µg/mL）的 CZ-SLNs 和 MO-SLNs 培养 Vero 细胞。计算纳米颗粒的形态、物理和化学特征。评估了 CZ-SLNs 和 MO-SLNs 的细胞存活率和抗淋球菌效果。计算了SLNs包被提取物的CC50和IC50指数：结果：MO-SLNs 和 CZ-SLNs 的粒径分别为 411.5 nm 和 365 nm，PDI 指数分别为 0.53 和 0.7。透射电子显微镜（TEM）显示，MO-SLNs 和 CZ-SLNs 均为边缘圆滑的球形纳米颗粒。细胞毒性试验显示，MO-SLNs 的 CC50 值为 10 mg/mL。此外，当浓度≤ 1 mg/ml时，60%受淋病菌感染的Vero细胞仍然存活，而MO-SLNs能杀死至少90%的淋病蛛，IC50 > 1 µg/ml。CZ-SLNs 提取物的细胞毒性在浓度为 0.1 毫克/毫升时达到 CC50。当浓度小于 0.1 毫克/毫升（IC50 ˂ 0.1 毫克/毫升）时，感染了淋病双球菌的 Vero 细胞有 50%以上存活，而 CZ-SLNs 在所有浓度下都能杀死至少 85% 的淋病双球菌：目前的研究结果表明，使用 SLNs 作为 M. oleifera 和 C. zeylanicum 的纳米载体可杀死刚地弓形虫achyzoites，且细胞毒性较低，这表明这些纳米乳剂与化学制剂一起用于治疗弓形虫是有效的。

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