Association of serum glucose/potassium index levels with poor long-term prognosis in patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Abstract

Introduction

The glucose/potassium index (GPI) has been reported as a predictor biomarker of in-hospital complications in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Objectives

To determine the association between GPI and functional outcome at 3 to 6 months after discharge in patients diagnosed with aSAH in a Peruvian referral hospital during 2018 - 2021.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort observational study with a secondary database in patients with aSAH during 2018-2021 in a Peruvian referral hospital. We evaluated the relationship between GPI values and motor functionality from 3 to 6 months post-discharge, using a Poisson family generalized linear model with Log link function and robust variance according to categorization of good and poor outcome. We considered a value of p<0.05 as statistically significant. We used restricted cubic splines with five nodes to evaluate the linear correlation between the 2 main variables.

Results

212 patients were included in the analysis. 21.1% and 19.3% had poor outcome at 3 and 6 months after discharge, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that GPI was not associated with poor outcome at 3 (RR=0.999; 95%CI=0.979-1.018) or 6 months after discharge (RR=0.979; 95%CI=0.979-1.020). On the other hand, Splines plots showed no correlation between GPI and modified Rankin.

Conclusions

Despite the usefulness of GPI to prognosticate in-hospital complications, its association with functional outcome is inconclusive.