Unravelling the threat of contamination in elite sports: Exploring diverse sources impacting adverse analytical findings and the risk of inadvertent exposure to prohibited substances

IF 2.2 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, LEGAL Forensic science international Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112240
Ana Belen Moraleda Merlo , Louisa Lobigs , Thomas Piper , Christophe Champod , Neil Robinson
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Abstract

In recent years, increasing concerns have emerged regarding athletes being exposed to various sources of contamination that could result in an adverse analytical finding (AAF), which is considered a positive doping test and may lead to the athlete's sanction. This review aims to examine the potential sources of contamination. Firstly, exogenous sources such as food, water, supplements, and medications will be described, along with endogenous sources, primarily arising from the athlete’s physiological condition via the biotransformation of Medications. Finally, other hypothetical contaminations arising from sample collection procedures, poor transport or storage, and laboratory conditions will be discussed. Despite some legislative efforts to regulate the production of food and supplements, contamination remains a significant concern in the context of anti-doping, necessitating athletes to stay vigilant against the risks of inadvertent uptake of illicit products. Increased knowledge of the potential sources of contamination is essential for all parties involved in the fight against doping, including athletes, support personnel, legitimate supplement product manufacturers, and the anti-doping and scientific community. Such insights can contribute to developing the most effective strategy for preventing contamination and, most importantly, reducing the risk of inadvertent AAFs.
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揭示精英体育运动中的污染威胁:探索影响不良分析结果的各种来源以及无意中接触禁用物质的风险。
近年来,越来越多的人开始关注运动员暴露于各种污染源的问题,这些污染源可能会导致不良分析结果(AAF),即兴奋剂检测呈阳性,并可能导致运动员受到处罚。本综述旨在研究潜在的污染源。首先,将介绍食物、水、补充剂和药物等外源性污染源,以及主要由运动员的生理状况通过药物的生物转化产生的内源性污染源。最后,还将讨论因样本采集程序、运输或储存不当以及实验室条件而产生的其他假定污染。尽管在食品和补充剂生产的监管方面做出了一些立法努力,但污染问题仍然是反 兴奋剂方面的一个重大问题,这就要求运动员时刻保持警惕,防范无意中摄入非法产品 的风险。增加对潜在污染源的了解对于参与反兴奋剂斗争的各方,包括运动员、辅助人员、合法补 充品生产商以及反兴奋剂和科学界都至关重要。这些见解有助于制定最有效的战略来防止污染,最重要的是,有助于降低无意中使用 AAFs 的风险。
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来源期刊
Forensic science international
Forensic science international 医学-医学:法
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
9.10%
发文量
285
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: Forensic Science International is the flagship journal in the prestigious Forensic Science International family, publishing the most innovative, cutting-edge, and influential contributions across the forensic sciences. Fields include: forensic pathology and histochemistry, chemistry, biochemistry and toxicology, biology, serology, odontology, psychiatry, anthropology, digital forensics, the physical sciences, firearms, and document examination, as well as investigations of value to public health in its broadest sense, and the important marginal area where science and medicine interact with the law. The journal publishes: Case Reports Commentaries Letters to the Editor Original Research Papers (Regular Papers) Rapid Communications Review Articles Technical Notes.
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