The efficacy of attractive targeted sugar baits in reducing malaria vector abundance in low-endemicity settings of northwest Mali.

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Malaria Journal Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1186/s12936-024-05098-4

Mohamed M Traore, Amy Junnila, Sekou F Traore, Seydou Doumbia, Edita E Revay, Yosef Schlein, Roman V Yakovlev, Aidas Saldaitis, Liwang Cui, Gergely Petrányi, Rui-De Xue, Alexey M Prozorov, Tatiana A Prozorova, Aboubakr S Kone, Nafomon Sogoba, Mahamadou Diakite, John Vontas, John C Beier, Günter C Müller

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Abstract

Background: Attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) have the potential to significantly reduce infective female Anopheles mosquitoes in arid areas, such as in Northern Mali. Malaria is epidemic in the north due to the limited viability of Anopheles species in the desert climate. The goal of this study was to determine of the effect of ATSB on the number of older female An. gambiae and on the number of sporozoite-positive females in villages in northern Mali.

Methods: Villages were located in the north of Mali. In this study, 5677 ATSB stations were deployed, two on each home, in ten villages during late July and early August 2019. Ten villages served as controls. After a pre-treatment monitoring period in July, An. gambiae populations were monitored again from August to December using CDC-UV light traps, pyrethrum spray catches (PSC), and human landing catches (HLC). Mosquitoes were dissected to estimate their age, while ELISA detected sporozoite positivity. The monthly entomological inoculation rates (EIRs) were calculated for HLC indoors and outdoors. Data from villages were compared using t-tests, while bait station weighted density versus amount of collected females was checked with a Pearson's correlation.

Results: A total of 2703 female An. gambiae were caught from treated villages, 4582 from control villages, a 41.0% difference. Dissection of 1759 females showed that ATSB significantly reduced the number of older females. The proportion of older females in treated villages was 0.93% compared to 9.4% in control villages. ELISA analysis of 7285 females showed that bait stations reduced the number of sporozoite-positive females. The infective females in treated villages was 0.30% compared to 2.73% in the controls. The greater the density of bait stations deployed, the fewer the older, infective females (P < 0.05). EIRs were low in control villages except in months when An. gambiae populations were high. EIRs in ATSB placement villages remained zero. Significant reductions (P < 0.0001) in An. gambiae males were observed.

Conclusions: Bait stations reduced all measures of vector populations in this study. In a low-transmission setting, ATSB has the potential to greatly reduce malaria.

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有吸引力的定向糖饵在马里西北部低疫情环境中减少疟疾病媒数量的效果。

背景：有吸引力的定向糖饵（ATSBs）有可能显著减少马里北部等干旱地区具有感染力的雌性按蚊。由于按蚊物种在沙漠气候中的生存能力有限，疟疾在北部地区流行。本研究的目的是确定 ATSB 对马里北部村庄年长雌性冈比亚按蚊数量和孢子虫阳性雌蚊数量的影响：这些村庄位于马里北部。本研究于 2019 年 7 月底至 8 月初在 10 个村庄部署了 5677 个 ATSB 站，每家两个。十个村庄作为对照。在 7 月的预处理监测期之后，从 8 月到 12 月，使用 CDC-UV 灯光诱捕器、除虫菊喷洒捕获器（PSC）和人类着陆捕获器（HLC）再次监测冈比亚蚁种群。对蚊子进行解剖以估计其年龄，同时用酶联免疫吸附法检测孢子虫的阳性率。计算了室内和室外 HLC 的每月昆虫接种率 (EIR)。使用 t 检验比较了各村的数据，并使用皮尔逊相关性检验了诱饵站加权密度与采集雌虫数量的关系：结果：治疗村共捕获了 2703 头雌性冈比亚蜉蝣，对照村捕获了 4582 头，两者相差 41.0%。对 1759 只雌性冈比亚蚁的解剖表明，苯丙胺类兴奋剂显著减少了年长雌性冈比亚蚁的数量。治疗村的老年雌虫比例为 0.93%，而对照村为 9.4%。对 7285 只雌鼠进行的 ELISA 分析表明，诱饵站减少了孢子虫阳性雌鼠的数量。处理过的村庄中受感染雌虫的比例为 0.30%，而对照组为 2.73%。诱饵站部署的密度越大，感染的老龄雌虫数量就越少（P 结论）：在这项研究中，诱饵站减少了所有病媒的数量。在低传播环境中，ATSB 有可能大大减少疟疾的发生。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Malaria Journal 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

23.30%

发文量

334

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Malaria Journal is aimed at the scientific community interested in malaria in its broadest sense. It is the only journal that publishes exclusively articles on malaria and, as such, it aims to bring together knowledge from the different specialities involved in this very broad discipline, from the bench to the bedside and to the field.