Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of lung cancer in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study in single oncology center.

IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Oncology Research Pub Date : 2024-10-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052358
Yousef Katib, Nasser Mulla
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Abstract

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most common neoplastic diseases and a leading cause of death in Saudi Arabia. Its incidence in Saudi Arabia has increased by more than 3% within two decades. Our study aimed to describe the epidemiological and genetic landscapes of LC in Al-Madinah city in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 65 patients diagnosed with lung cancer between 2015 and 2021 at a single medical oncology center in Al-Madinah city of Saudi Arabia.

Results: The mean patients' age was 59.2 years, with 50 (76.9%) males and 15 (23.1%) females; 37 (57%) smokers, and 28 (43%) non-smokers. The number of cases per year has increased gradually over six years from 2015 (n = 3) to 2020 (n = 13). The most prevalent histopathological diagnosis was non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (n = 58, 89%) followed by small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (n = 5, 7.8%). NSCLC was frequently more common in smokers while squamous cell carcinoma was more frequent in non-smokers. Around 89% (n = 58) of the cases were diagnosed in late stage IV and the most common metastatic sites were to pleura and lymph nodes (n = 32, 49.2%). Program Death Legend-1 (PDL-1) was fairly expressed in 7/10 (70%) patients. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) was mutated in 5/17 (29%) patients. Other mutations detected include Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3C) mutations in two patients.

Conclusions: Our study revealed that lung cancer is a significant burden in Al-Madinah city of Saudi Arabia. If the risk factors are not controlled, the number of cases may increase considerably. Health education about the risk factors and cancer prevention helps in early lung cancer detection.

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沙特阿拉伯肺癌的流行病学和临床特征:对单个肿瘤中心的回顾性研究。
背景:肺癌(LC)是沙特阿拉伯最常见的肿瘤性疾病之一,也是导致死亡的主要原因。二十年来,其发病率在沙特阿拉伯增加了 3% 以上。我们的研究旨在描述沙特阿拉伯 Al-Madinah 市肺癌的流行病学和遗传情况:方法:我们对沙特阿拉伯 Al-Madinah 市一家肿瘤医学中心 2015 年至 2021 年间诊断出的 65 名肺癌患者的病历进行了回顾性分析:患者平均年龄为59.2岁,其中男性50人(76.9%),女性15人(23.1%);吸烟者37人(57%),非吸烟者28人(43%)。从2015年(3例)到2020年(13例)的6年间,每年的病例数逐渐增加。最常见的组织病理学诊断是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)(58 例,89%),其次是小细胞肺癌(SCLC)(5 例,7.8%)。非小细胞肺癌多见于吸烟者,而鳞状细胞癌则多见于非吸烟者。约 89% 的病例(n = 58)被诊断为 IV 期晚期,最常见的转移部位是胸膜和淋巴结(n = 32,49.2%)。程序死亡传奇-1(PDL-1)在7/10(70%)例患者中表达良好。5/17(29%)例患者的表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)发生突变。检测到的其他突变包括无性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)和两名患者的磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PIK3C)突变:我们的研究表明,肺癌是沙特阿拉伯麦地那市的一大负担。如果不控制风险因素,病例数可能会大幅增加。有关风险因素和癌症预防的健康教育有助于早期发现肺癌。
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来源期刊
Oncology Research
Oncology Research 医学-肿瘤学
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
56
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Oncology Research Featuring Preclinical and Clincal Cancer Therapeutics publishes research of the highest quality that contributes to an understanding of cancer in areas of molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, biophysics, genetics, biology, endocrinology, and immunology, as well as studies on the mechanism of action of carcinogens and therapeutic agents, reports dealing with cancer prevention and epidemiology, and clinical trials delineating effective new therapeutic regimens.
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