Enhancing Acute Migraine Treatment: Exploring Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for the Nose-to-Brain Route.

IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics16101297
Joana Torres, Renata Silva, Gonçalo Farias, José Manuel Sousa Lobo, Domingos Carvalho Ferreira, Ana Catarina Silva
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Abstract

Migraine has a high prevalence worldwide and is one of the main disabling neurological diseases in individuals under the age of 50. In general, treatment includes the use of oral analgesics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for mild attacks, and, for moderate or severe attacks, triptans or 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonists. However, the administration of antimigraine drugs in conventional oral pharmaceutical dosage forms is a challenge, since many molecules have difficulty crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain, which leads to bioavailability problems. Efforts have been made to find alternative delivery systems and/or routes for antimigraine drugs. In vivo studies have shown that it is possible to administer drugs directly into the brain via the intranasal (IN) or the nose-to-brain route, thus avoiding the need for the molecules to cross the BBB. In this field, the use of lipid nanoparticles, in particular solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), has shown promising results, since they have several advantages for drugs administered via the IN route, including increased absorption and reduced enzymatic degradation, improving bioavailability. Furthermore, SLN and NLC are capable of co-encapsulating drugs, promoting their simultaneous delivery to the site of therapeutic action, which can be a promising approach for the acute migraine treatment. This review highlights the potential of using SLN and NLC to improve the treatment of acute migraine via the nose-to-brain route. First sections describe the pathophysiology and the currently available pharmacological treatment for acute migraine, followed by an outline of the mechanisms underlying the nose-to-brain route. Afterwards, the main features of SLN and NLC and the most recent in vivo studies investigating the use of these nanoparticles for the treatment of acute migraine are presented.

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加强急性偏头痛治疗:探索鼻脑通路的固体脂质纳米颗粒和纳米结构脂质载体。
偏头痛在全球发病率很高,是 50 岁以下人群中主要的致残性神经系统疾病之一。一般来说,治疗方法包括轻度发作时使用口服镇痛药或非类固醇抗炎药(NSAIDs),中度或重度发作时使用曲坦类药物或 5-HT1B/1D 受体激动剂。然而,以传统口服药物剂型服用抗偏头痛药物是一项挑战,因为许多分子难以穿过血脑屏障(BBB)到达大脑,从而导致生物利用度问题。人们一直在努力寻找抗偏头痛药物的替代给药系统和/或途径。体内研究表明,可以通过鼻内(IN)或鼻-脑途径将药物直接注入大脑,从而避免了分子穿过 BBB 的需要。在这一领域,脂质纳米颗粒,特别是固体脂质纳米颗粒(SLN)和纳米结构脂质载体(NLC)的使用已显示出良好的效果,因为它们对于通过鼻脑途径给药的药物具有一些优势,包括增加吸收和减少酶降解,从而提高生物利用度。此外,SLN 和 NLC 还能共同包裹药物,促进药物同时到达治疗部位,这对于急性偏头痛的治疗是一种很有前景的方法。本综述强调了使用 SLN 和 NLC 通过鼻脑途径改善急性偏头痛治疗的潜力。首先介绍了急性偏头痛的病理生理学和目前可用的药物治疗方法,然后概述了鼻脑通路的基本机制。随后,介绍了SLN和NLC的主要特点,以及使用这些纳米粒子治疗急性偏头痛的最新体内研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutics Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmaceutical Science
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
11.10%
发文量
2379
审稿时长
16.41 days
期刊介绍: Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923) is an open access journal which provides an advanced forum for the science and technology of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications,  and short notes. Covered topics include pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics, and pharmaceutical formulation. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical details in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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