Effect of various levels of standardized ileal digestible branched-chain amino acids on lactating sow and litter performance.

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Translational Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-10-14 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/tas/txae148

Dalton C Humphrey, Keith D Haydon, Laura L Greiner

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Abstract

Three hundred and sixty sows were used to investigate the effect of various dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) levels on sow lactation and piglet growth performance. On day 112 ± 1.4 of gestation, sows were blocked by the parity group (P1, P2, P3+) and randomly assigned to 1 of 6 dietary treatments containing various levels of standardized ileal digestible (SID) Leu, Ile, and Val. The experimental diets were formulated to the desired levels of BCAA by replacing cornstarch in a basal diet with l-leucine, l-isoleucine, and l-valine. Dietary BCAA levels relative to SID Lys were 114% or 180% for Leu, 56% or 64% for Ile, and 64% or 120% for Val. Diets were formulated to be isocaloric (3.23 Mcal ME/kg) and met or exceeded all other NRC (2012) essential amino acid and vitamin and mineral recommendations. Sow body weight (BW) and backfat thickness were measured at the time of entry into the farrowing room and at weaning. Piglet litter weights were recorded after cross-fostering and weaning to calculate the litter growth rate. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models with fixed effects of dietary treatment and parity group and a random effect of lactation group. The models were fit using R (v4.4.1; R Core Team, 2024). The sow and her litter were the experimental unit, and results were considered significant if P < 0.05. On average, sows nursed their litters for 21.3 d (P = 0.998). The mean parity by treatment ranged from 3.8 to 3.9 (P = 0.999). After farrowing, the mean sow BW was 220 kg with a range between treatments of 216 to 222 kg (P = 0.523). On average, sows gained 2.3% of their BW (P = 0.740) with an average daily feed intake of 8.74 kg/d (P = 0.903). As expected, sow Leu, Ile, and Val intakes were different across treatments (P ≤ 0.001) and corresponded to the varying dietary levels of BCAA. Sows entered farrowing with an average backfat thickness of 11.50 mm (P = 0.919) and lost 6.5% backfat through lactation (P = 0.880). Sows started the trial with an average of 14.1 piglets/sow (P = 0.967) and weaned 12.7 piglets/sow (P = 0.995) with a piglet ADG of 0.22 kg/d (P = 0.280) and a daily litter growth rate of 2.90 kg/d (P = 0.547). In conclusion, there was no evidence of an effect of the various leucine, isoleucine, and valine levels evaluated in this study on lactating sow and piglet performance.

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不同水平的标准化回肠可消化支链氨基酸对哺乳母猪和产仔性能的影响

研究人员利用 360 头母猪研究了各种日粮支链氨基酸（BCAA）水平对母猪泌乳和仔猪生长性能的影响。妊娠期第 112 ± 1.4 天，母猪按胎次分组（P1、P2、P3+），随机分配到 6 种日粮处理中的一种，日粮中含有不同水平的标准化回肠可消化（SID）Leu、Ile 和 Val。通过用 l-亮氨酸、l-异亮氨酸和 l-缬氨酸替代基础日粮中的玉米淀粉，将实验日粮配制成所需的 BCAA 水平。相对于 SID Lys，Leu 的日粮 BCAA 水平为 114% 或 180%，Ile 为 56% 或 64%，Val 为 64% 或 120%。日粮配方为等热量（3.23 兆焦耳 ME/千克），并符合或超过所有其他 NRC（2012）必需氨基酸、维生素和矿物质推荐值。母猪体重（BW）和背膘厚度在进入产房和断奶时测量。在交叉育肥和断奶后记录仔猪窝重，以计算窝生长率。数据采用广义线性混合模型进行分析，其中日粮处理和奇数组为固定效应，泌乳组为随机效应。模型使用 R (v4.4.1; R Core Team, 2024) 进行拟合。母猪及其产仔数为实验单位，如果 P P = 0.998，则认为结果显著。）各处理的平均胎次在 3.8 至 3.9 之间（P = 0.999）。产仔后，母猪的平均体重为 220 千克，各处理之间的差异为 216 至 222 千克（P = 0.523）。母猪平均增重为体重的 2.3% (P = 0.740)，平均日采食量为 8.74 kg/d (P = 0.903)。不出所料，母猪的Leu、Ile和Val摄入量在不同处理间存在差异（P ≤ 0.001），并与日粮中不同的BCAA水平相对应。母猪进入产房时的平均背膘厚度为 11.50 毫米（P = 0.919），整个哺乳期的背膘损失为 6.5%（P = 0.880）。试验开始时，母猪平均每头产 14.1 头仔猪（P = 0.967），断奶时每头产 12.7 头仔猪（P = 0.995），仔猪平均日增重为 0.22 kg/d（P = 0.280），窝日增重为 2.90 kg/d（P = 0.547）。总之，没有证据表明本研究中评估的各种亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸水平会影响哺乳母猪和仔猪的生产性能。

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来源期刊

Translational Animal Science Veterinary-Veterinary (all)

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

15.40%

发文量

149

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： Translational Animal Science (TAS) is the first open access-open review animal science journal, encompassing a broad scope of research topics in animal science. TAS focuses on translating basic science to innovation, and validation of these innovations by various segments of the allied animal industry. Readers of TAS will typically represent education, industry, and government, including research, teaching, administration, extension, management, quality assurance, product development, and technical services. Those interested in TAS typically include animal breeders, economists, embryologists, engineers, food scientists, geneticists, microbiologists, nutritionists, veterinarians, physiologists, processors, public health professionals, and others with an interest in animal production and applied aspects of animal sciences.