Lin Cai, Takeshi Arimitsu, Naomi Shinohara, Takao Takahashi, Yoko Hakuno, Masahiro Hata, Ei-Ichi Hoshino, Stuart K Watson, Simon W Townsend, Jutta L Mueller, Yasuyo Minagawa
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Pre-babbling infants can track nonadjacent dependencies (NADs) in the auditory domain. While this forms a crucial prerequisite for language acquisition, the neurodevelopmental origins of this ability remain unknown. We applied functional near-infrared spectroscopy in neonates and 6- to 7-month-old infants to investigate the neural substrate supporting NAD learning and detection using tone sequences in an artificial grammar learning paradigm. Detection of NADs was indicated by left prefrontal activation in neonates while by left supramarginal gyrus (SMG), superior temporal gyrus (STG), and inferior frontal gyrus activation in 6- to 7-month-olds. Functional connectivity analyses further indicated that the neonate activation pattern during the test phase benefited from a brain network consisting of prefrontal regions, left SMG and STG during the rest and learning phases. These findings suggest a left-hemispheric learning-related functional brain network may emerge at birth and serve as the foundation for the later engagement of these regions for NAD detection, thus, providing a neural basis for language acquisition.
咿呀学语前的婴儿可以在听觉领域追踪非相邻依存关系(NAD)。虽然这构成了语言习得的重要前提,但这种能力的神经发育起源仍然未知。我们在新生儿和 6 到 7 个月大的婴儿身上应用了功能性近红外光谱技术,在人工语法学习范式中使用音调序列来研究支持 NAD 学习和检测的神经基质。新生儿的左前额叶激活显示了对 NAD 的检测,而 6 到 7 个月大的婴儿的左侧边际上回(SMG)、颞上回(STG)和额下回激活显示了对 NAD 的检测。功能连接分析进一步表明,新生儿在测试阶段的激活模式在休息和学习阶段受益于由前额叶区、左侧SMG和STG组成的大脑网络。这些研究结果表明,与学习相关的左半球脑功能网络可能在新生儿出生时就已出现,并为这些区域日后参与NAD检测奠定了基础,从而为语言习得提供了神经基础。
期刊介绍:
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