Analysis of Attitudes Towards Opt-Out Organ Donation Consent: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Saudi Arabian Residents

Abstract

Objective

The study aims to investigate public opinion on opt-out organ donation registration in Saudi Arabia, addressing a gap identified in existing research that reveals varied attitudes and intentions among the population, as indicated by studies in Qatar and Saudi Arabia.

Methods

This study employed a secondary analysis approach, utilizing data from a cross-sectional survey conducted online among 1397 residents of Saudi Arabia. The survey utilized a GoogleTM form questionnaire adapted from a previous study in Qatar. The questionnaire comprised three sections, gathering socio-demographic information, assessing general awareness about organ donation, and exploring participants' agreement with opt-out consent and beliefs related to organ donation using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model.

Results

Among the participants, 44.4% supported opt-out consent, with 25.7% females and 39.1% Saudi citizens. Females and diploma/graduation-level education were significantly associated with opt-out support (P < .001, P = .012, respectively). 98.06% of opt-out supporters were familiar with organ donation. 93.05% agreed to promote organ donation, 98.38% believed registration saves lives, and 81.91% were willing if family had no objections. 86.75% were ready with more information, and 85.78% if informed about their religion's perspective. 92.25% believed living and posthumous donation positively impact life after death. Concerns included inadequate care (33.44%) and bodily disfigurement (28.43%) postmortem. Majority felt healthy (45.56%) and appropriate in age for donation (57.67%). Among opt-out supporters, 20.84% expressed interest, 8.4% conveyed disinterest, while 36.34% remained undecided regarding organ donation registration.

Conclusion

The study reveals a considerable openness among Saudis toward adopting an opt-out organ donation system, suggesting a potential avenue for increased organ donation rates. While acknowledging cultural nuances, particularly familial influences, targeted interventions are vital to overcome specific barriers and ensure the successful implementation of an opt-out policy.