Back to the Origin: Mechanisms of circRNA-Directed Regulation of Host Genes in Human Disease.

IF 3.6 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Non-Coding RNA Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI:10.3390/ncrna10050049

Haomiao Yuan, Xizhou Liao, Ding Hu, Dawei Guan, Meihui Tian

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to be pivotal regulators in various human diseases by participating in gene splicing, acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, interacting with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and translating into short peptides. As the back-splicing products of pre-mRNAs, many circRNAs can modulate the expression of their host genes through transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational control via interaction with other molecules. This review provides a detailed summary of these regulatory mechanisms based on the class of molecules that they interact with, which encompass DNA, mRNA, miRNA, and RBPs. The co-expression of circRNAs with their parental gene productions (including linear counterparts and proteins) provides potential diagnostic biomarkers for multiple diseases. Meanwhile, the different regulatory mechanisms by which circRNAs act on their host genes via interaction with other molecules constitute complex regulatory networks, which also provide noticeable clues for therapeutic strategies against diseases. Future research should explore whether these proven mechanisms can play a similar role in other types of disease and clarify further details about the cross-talk between circRNAs and host genes. In addition, the regulatory relationship between circRNAs and their host genes in circRNA circularization, degradation, and cellular localization should receive further attention.

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回到起源：人类疾病中宿主基因的 circRNA 定向调控机制。

研究表明，环状 RNA（circRNA）通过参与基因剪接、充当微 RNA（miRNA）海绵、与 RNA 结合蛋白（RBPs）相互作用以及翻译成短肽等方式，成为各种人类疾病的关键调控因子。作为前 mRNA 的反向剪接产物，许多 circRNA 可通过与其他分子相互作用，通过转录、转录后、翻译和翻译后控制来调节宿主基因的表达。本综述根据与之相互作用的分子类别（包括 DNA、mRNA、miRNA 和 RBPs）详细总结了这些调控机制。circRNA 与其亲代基因产物（包括线性对应物和蛋白质）的共同表达为多种疾病提供了潜在的诊断生物标志物。同时，circRNA 通过与其他分子相互作用而作用于宿主基因的不同调控机制构成了复杂的调控网络，这也为疾病的治疗策略提供了重要线索。未来的研究应探索这些已被证实的机制是否能在其他类型的疾病中发挥类似作用，并进一步阐明 circRNA 与宿主基因之间的交叉对话细节。此外，circRNA 及其宿主基因在 circRNA 环化、降解和细胞定位过程中的调控关系也应得到进一步关注。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Non-Coding RNA Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

4.70%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： Functional studies dealing with identification, structure-function relationships or biological activity of: small regulatory RNAs (miRNAs, siRNAs and piRNAs) associated with the RNA interference pathway small nuclear RNAs, small nucleolar and tRNAs derived small RNAs other types of small RNAs, such as those associated with splice junctions and transcription start sites long non-coding RNAs, including antisense RNAs, long ''intergenic'' RNAs, intronic RNAs and ''enhancer'' RNAs other classes of RNAs such as vault RNAs, scaRNAs, circular RNAs, 7SL RNAs, telomeric and centromeric RNAs regulatory functions of mRNAs and UTR-derived RNAs catalytic and allosteric (riboswitch) RNAs viral, transposon and repeat-derived RNAs bacterial regulatory RNAs, including CRISPR RNAS Analysis of RNA processing, RNA binding proteins, RNA signaling and RNA interaction pathways: DICER AGO, PIWI and PIWI-like proteins other classes of RNA binding and RNA transport proteins RNA interactions with chromatin-modifying complexes RNA interactions with DNA and other RNAs the role of RNA in the formation and function of specialized subnuclear organelles and other aspects of cell biology intercellular and intergenerational RNA signaling RNA processing structure-function relationships in RNA complexes RNA analyses, informatics, tools and technologies: transcriptomic analyses and technologies development of tools and technologies for RNA biology and therapeutics Translational studies involving long and short non-coding RNAs: identification of biomarkers development of new therapies involving microRNAs and other ncRNAs clinical studies involving microRNAs and other ncRNAs.

期刊最新文献

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