Nanoporous Film Layers to Enhance the Performance of Passive Radiative Cooling Paint Mixtures

IF 2.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1007/s10765-024-03439-8
Giuseppe Emanuele Lio, Sara Levorin, Atakan Erdoğan, Jérémy Werlé, Alain J. Corso, Luca Schenato, Diederik S. Wiersma, Marco Santagiustina, Lorenzo Pattelli, Maria Guglielmina Pelizzo
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Abstract

Passive radiative cooling (PRC) offers significant potential to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions associated with cooling. Among various approaches, paint-like systems present several advantages in terms of cost effectiveness, scalability, and ease of application. In this study, we report on a PRC system composed of a paint mixture modified with \(50\,\%\) glass bubbles (GB) and a commercial polypropylene–polyethylene–polypropylene (PP–PE–PP) film, commonly used as a battery separator. The resulting material exhibits a solar reflectance of \(94\,\%\) and a broad emittance of over \(95\,\%\) in the sky-transparent window (STW) from 8 \(\mu\)m to 13 \(\mu\)m. The addition of glass bubbles enhances the solar reflectance of the base paint in the near-infrared wavelengths, while the nanoporous PP–PE–PP film (NPF) topcoat improves reflectance in the UV range, remains largely transparent in the IR, and renders the overall coating washable. The material was tested under realistic outdoor conditions, comparing the performance when the PP–PE–PP film was directly applied onto the wet paint layer versus when it was used as a separate windshield enclosing the sample test chamber. Despite its high solar reflectance, no radiative cooling was observed relative to ambient temperature during peak hours (solar irradiation > 600 W·m2). However, below this threshold, a temperature drop of \({-\,3}\,^\circ\)C and a cooling power exceeding 100 W·m2 were observed. Notably, even when a visibly opaque convection shield was used, the configuration in which the PP–PE–PP film sealed the sample slot resulted in significant overheating of the air pocket surrounding the sample during the day. This outcome suggests that experimental setups incorporating a windshield, commonly found in the literature, may introduce an artificial overheating effect, leading to biased measurements of passive radiative cooling

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增强被动辐射冷却涂料混合物性能的纳米多孔膜层
被动辐射冷却(PRC)为减少与冷却相关的能源消耗和碳排放提供了巨大的潜力。在各种方法中,类涂料系统在成本效益、可扩展性和易于应用方面具有一些优势。在这项研究中,我们报告了一种由玻璃气泡(GB)和商用聚丙烯-聚乙烯-聚丙烯(PP-PE-PP)薄膜(通常用作电池隔膜)改性的油漆混合物组成的 PRC 系统。由此产生的材料在 8 \(\mu\)m 到 13 \(\mu\)m 的透天窗 (STW) 中显示出了(94\\)的太阳反射率和(95\\\)以上的宽发射率。玻璃气泡的加入增强了底漆在近红外波段的太阳反射率,而纳米多孔聚丙烯-聚乙烯-聚丙烯薄膜(NPF)面漆则提高了紫外线范围内的反射率,在红外波段基本保持透明,并使整个涂层具有可清洗性。我们在真实的户外条件下对这种材料进行了测试,比较了 PP-PE-PP 薄膜直接贴在湿油漆层上与作为单独的防风罩围住样品测试室时的性能。尽管 PP-PE-PP 薄膜具有很高的太阳反射率,但在高峰时段(太阳辐照 600 W-m2),相对于环境温度而言,没有观察到辐射冷却现象。然而,在这一临界值以下,观察到温度下降了({-\,3}\,^\circ\)C,冷却功率超过了 100 W-m2。值得注意的是,即使使用了明显不透明的对流罩,PP-PE-PP 薄膜密封样品槽的结构也会导致样品周围的气室在白天明显过热。这一结果表明,文献中常见的带有防风罩的实验装置可能会引入人为的过热效应,从而导致被动辐射冷却的测量结果出现偏差。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
179
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Thermophysics serves as an international medium for the publication of papers in thermophysics, assisting both generators and users of thermophysical properties data. This distinguished journal publishes both experimental and theoretical papers on thermophysical properties of matter in the liquid, gaseous, and solid states (including soft matter, biofluids, and nano- and bio-materials), on instrumentation and techniques leading to their measurement, and on computer studies of model and related systems. Studies in all ranges of temperature, pressure, wavelength, and other relevant variables are included.
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