Long-term tracking captures the timing of ontogenetic niche shifts in northeast Pacific white sharks

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.70034
Ryan K. Logan, James M. Anderson, Echelle S. Burns, Yamilla Samara Chacon, Ryan Freedman, Emiliano García-Rodríguez, Elizabeth Jahn, Kady Lyons, Emily N. Meese, Zachariah S. Merson, John O'Sullivan, Patrick T. Rex, Emily Spurgeon, Brian S. Stirling, Connor F. White, Chuck Winkler, Salvador Jorgensen, Oscar Sosa-Nishizaki, Christopher G. Lowe
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Abstract

Ontogenetic changes in area use, habitat use, and trophic interactions play an important role in the ecology, demography, and ultimately population dynamics of many species. Assumed to be driven by shifting life-history requirements, trophic niche shifts in white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) are well documented, but the timing of the spatial niche shift that is hypothesized to occur with the trophic niche shift remains poorly understood. To document how fine-scale area use varies as sharks age and the timing of the ontogenetic spatial shift of this top predator, we tracked individual white sharks tagged as young-of-the-year or young juveniles over multiple years. Using data from juvenile white sharks detected over multiple years in a nursery habitat with a high-density receiver array, we found no difference in area use with age. However, using a coast-wide receiver array including nursery and adult habitat, we found the probability of detecting a juvenile white shark in nursery habitat decreased with age, with a concurrent increasing probability of detection in adult habitat. As the conservation and management of this species relies on understanding nursery habitat use and age-related movements, data presented here address an important knowledge gap for the understudied juvenile to subadult life stages and the ontogenetic habitat shift of this species.

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长期跟踪捕捉东北太平洋白鲨的生态位发生变化的时间
区域利用、栖息地利用和营养交互作用的个体发育变化在许多物种的生态学、人口学和最终的种群动态中发挥着重要作用。白鲨(Carcharodon carcharias)的营养生态位变化被认为是由生活史要求的改变所驱动的,这一点已被充分记录,但人们对营养生态位变化所假定的空间生态位变化的时间仍然知之甚少。为了记录随着鲨鱼年龄的增长,细尺度区域的使用是如何变化的,以及这种顶级掠食者的本体空间转移的时间,我们追踪了多年来被标记为幼年或幼体的大白鲨个体。使用高密度接收器阵列在育幼栖息地多年检测到的幼年白鲨数据,我们发现区域使用与年龄没有差异。然而,通过使用包括育幼区和成鱼栖息地的全海岸接收器阵列,我们发现在育幼区检测到幼年白鲨的概率随着年龄的增长而降低,同时在成鱼栖息地检测到幼年白鲨的概率也在增加。由于该物种的保护和管理有赖于对育幼栖息地的使用和与年龄相关的移动的了解,本文所提供的数据填补了对该物种从幼年到亚成体生命阶段以及本体栖息地转移研究不足的一个重要知识空白。
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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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