Reducing Consumer–Brand Incongruity Through Corporate Social Responsibility and Brand Trust: Exploring Negative Word-of-Mouth (NWOM)

Abstract

Drawing upon consumer–brand disidentification theory and balance theory, this study examines symbolic and ideological incongruity in consumer–brand relationships through an original conceptual model shaped by negative past experiences, brand trust, perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR), and negative word-of-mouth (NWOM). A preliminary study was conducted to explore the dimensions of consumers' negative past experiences by topic detection. Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling was undertaken to analyze online consumer reviews (n = 6095) about a coffee chain brand. The dimensions detected in this preliminary study were included in the research model and further analyzed in the main study. The main study, a cross-sectional consumer survey (n = 522), tested the original research model by way of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) on SmartPLS. The findings showed that negative past experiences consisted of product-related, service-related, and technology-related problems and negatively influenced brand trust. It was found that brand trust and perceived CSR negatively affected symbolic and ideological incongruity, while symbolic and ideological incongruity positively influenced NWOM. The findings provide empirical evidence for balance theory by showing that the three critical domains of consumer–brand relationships (ideological, symbolic, and experiential) provide a complex cognitive model that covers personal-symbolic and moral-societal aspects of consumer–brand disidentification and consequent NWOM intentions. In line with consumer–brand disidentification theory, the results contribute to the literature by demonstrating the direct negative impacts of brand trust and perceived CSR on symbolic and ideological incongruity, as well as the direct positive impacts of symbolic and ideological incongruity on NWOM.