Dynamical complexity and multifractal analysis of geomagnetic activities at high temporal scales over three solar cycles

IF 1.8 4区地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106380

Samuel Ogunjo , Joshua Akinsusi , Babatunde Rabiu , Ibiyinka Fuwape

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Abstract

Activities in geospace occur at different time scales. Understanding geomagnetic activity at high temporal scales will give insight into fast dynamics in geospace. This study aims to investigate dynamical complexities in geomagnetic activities at a high temporal scale across three solar cycles. Geomagnetic activities, as represented by 5-min SYM-H data, were considered in this study over three solar cycles (22–24) from 1986 to 2019. Chaos analysis using sample entropy, Lyapunov exponent, and correlation dimension indicates that the geomagnetic activities are driven by intrinsic complex and chaotic processes. Positive Lyapunov exponent values between 0.13 and 0.18, 0.15–0.18, and 0.16–0.19 were obtained for solar cycles 22, 23, and 24 respectively. Furthermore, geomagnetic activities were also found to have multifractal structures driven by high fractal exponents with fine structures. A positive relationship was obtained between the annual mean values of SYM-H and the degree of complexity. It is concluded that geomagnetic activities have a short prediction horizon.

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三个太阳周期高时间尺度地磁活动的动态复杂性和多分形分析

地球空间的活动发生在不同的时间尺度上。了解高时间尺度的地磁活动将有助于深入了解地球空间的快速动力学。本研究旨在研究三个太阳周期中高时间尺度地磁活动的动态复杂性。本研究考虑了从 1986 年到 2019 年三个太阳周期（22-24）中以 5 分钟 SYM-H 数据为代表的地磁活动。利用样本熵、Lyapunov 指数和相关维度进行的混沌分析表明，地磁活动是由内在的复杂混沌过程驱动的。太阳周期 22、23 和 24 的李亚普诺夫指数分别为 0.13 至 0.18、0.15 至 0.18 和 0.16 至 0.19。此外，研究还发现地磁活动具有多分形结构，由具有精细结构的高分形指数驱动。SYM-H 的年平均值与复杂程度之间存在正相关关系。结论是地磁活动的预测范围较短。

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来源期刊

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them. The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.