Electromagnetic optimization of a hybrid toroidal magnet for 10 MJ HTS SMES system

Abstract

Superconducting magnets are crucial components of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems, directly impacting the economic efficiency and stability of energy storage systems. This study focuses on a hybrid toroidal magnet of 10 MJ HTS SMES system with D-shaped coils, aiming to optimize its design by minimizing the cost of superconducting conductors. An improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm is employed, which integrates chaotic mapping and introduces crossover and mutation operators based on the Metropolis criterion. Factors such as the magnet’s critical current, minimum bending radius of superconducting cables, and safety margin are considered during the optimization process. Comparative analysis demonstrates that the IPSO algorithm outperforms the standard PSO algorithm in terms of convergence speed and accuracy. Finally, an optimized design scheme for the hybrid toroidal magnet of a 10 MJ HTS SMES system is presented. This paper provides optimization strategies for hybrid toroidal magnet designs.