Divergent dynamics of coastal wetlands in the world’s major river deltas during 1990–2019

Yongchao Liu , Jialin Li , Xinxin Wang , Chao Sun , Peng Tian , Gaili He
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Coastal wetlands provide vital dynamic ecosystem services. They have become increasingly important after being linked to several sustainable developmental goals, resulting in a focus on their protection, management, and restoration. Therefore, there is an increasing need to detect and compare coastal wetland spatiotemporal dynamics in deltas at a global scale. In this study, we mapped and characterized coastal wetland spatiotemporal patterns for 1990–2019 in the world’s major river deltas using pixel frequency algorithms and Landsat-4/5 (TM), −7 (ETM + ), −8 (OLI), and Sentinel-2 (MSI) time-series imagery obtained from Google Earth Engine (GEE). Our map had a high overall accuracy (91.84 %) for 2019. Tidal flats were primarily distributed in North America (∼6.87 %) and Asia (∼5.91 %), whereas salt marshes were more commonly found in North America (∼45.39 %) and South America (∼10.61 %). Mangroves are more common in South America (∼11.86 %) and Asia (∼5.83 %), primarily because of the Amazon River Delta and tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, which host several large river deltas. South America had the largest coastal delta wetland area (798,569 km2), followed by Asia (640,251 km2), North America (581,977 km2), Africa (181,977 km2), Europe (140,759 km2), and Oceania (15,915 km2). There was a minor difference in the distribution of wetland vegetation and tidal flats in Asian coastal deltas, and the wetland vegetation area in Asia was greater than that in tidal flats on other continents. We found that the coastal wetland areas increased during 1990–2001, decreased during 2001–2012, and steadily increased during 2012–2019. Our study provides a baseline for monitoring the area, status, and health of the coastal wetlands in these river deltas.
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1990-2019 年间世界主要河流三角洲沿海湿地的差异动态
沿海湿地提供重要的动态生态系统服务。在与一些可持续发展目标联系在一起之后,沿海湿地的重要性与日俱增,从而引起了人们对其保护、管理和恢复的关注。因此,在全球范围内检测和比较三角洲沿岸湿地时空动态的需求越来越大。在这项研究中,我们利用像素频率算法和从谷歌地球引擎(GEE)获取的 Landsat-4/5(TM)、-7(ETM +)、-8(OLI)和哨兵-2(MSI)时间序列图像,绘制了 1990-2019 年全球主要河流三角洲沿岸湿地时空格局图并对其进行了描述。我们绘制的 2019 年地图总体准确率较高(91.84 %)。滩涂主要分布在北美洲(6.87%)和亚洲(5.91%),而盐沼则更多地分布在北美洲(45.39%)和南美洲(10.61%)。红树林在南美洲(∼11.86%)和亚洲(∼5.83%)比较常见,主要是因为亚马逊河三角洲和亚洲的热带和亚热带地区有几个大的河流三角洲。南美洲的沿海三角洲湿地面积最大(798 569 平方公里),其次是亚洲(640 251 平方公里)、北美洲(581 977 平方公里)、非洲(181 977 平方公里)、欧洲(140 759 平方公里)和大洋洲(15 915 平方公里)。亚洲沿海三角洲的湿地植被和滩涂分布略有不同,亚洲的湿地植被面积大于其他大洲的滩涂面积。我们发现,沿海湿地面积在 1990-2001 年间增加,2001-2012 年间减少,2012-2019 年间稳步增加。我们的研究为监测这些河流三角洲沿岸湿地的面积、现状和健康状况提供了基线。
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来源期刊
International journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation : ITC journal
International journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation : ITC journal Global and Planetary Change, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Earth-Surface Processes, Computers in Earth Sciences
CiteScore
12.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
77 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation publishes original papers that utilize earth observation data for natural resource and environmental inventory and management. These data primarily originate from remote sensing platforms, including satellites and aircraft, supplemented by surface and subsurface measurements. Addressing natural resources such as forests, agricultural land, soils, and water, as well as environmental concerns like biodiversity, land degradation, and hazards, the journal explores conceptual and data-driven approaches. It covers geoinformation themes like capturing, databasing, visualization, interpretation, data quality, and spatial uncertainty.
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