{"title":"Impact of Antibacterials on the Quality of Anticoagulation Control in Patients Initiating Warfarin Therapy.","authors":"Kyohei Sugiyama, Keita Hirai, Masato Tsutsumi, Shota Furuya, Kunihiko Itoh","doi":"10.1007/s40256-024-00690-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Warfarin interacts with antibacterials to prolong the prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR) and increase the risk of bleeding. Patients initiating warfarin therapy often undergo precise dosage adjustments; however, the clinical implications of these interactions with antibacterials remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the effect of antibacterials on PT-INR during the warfarin induction phase.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, observational study. Patients who were newly treated with warfarin after cardiovascular surgery were included. The primary endpoint was the comparison of the maximum PT-INR and time in therapeutic range (TTR) after warfarin initiation between the antibacterial-treated (ABx) and non-treated (non-ABx) groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maximum PT-INR was significantly higher in the ABx group (which included β-lactams, glycopeptides, quinolones, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides) than in the non-ABx group (median [interquartile range] 2.37 [2.03-2.71] vs. 2.08 [1.93-2.33]; P = 0.005); however, the TTR did not differ significantly (65% [44-76] vs. 71% [43-85]; P = 0.150). The odds ratio for maximum PT-INR > 2.6 with antimicrobial therapy was 2.51 (95% confidence interval 1.21-5.21).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Antibacterial therapy was a risk factor for a maximum PT-INR >2.6. However, there was no association with the TTR, which is a marker of good outcomes. This was due to the strict warfarin dosing regimen according to the algorithm, which immediately and appropriately adjusted for PT-INR overexpansion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antibacterials have been suggested to increase PT-INR during the induction phase of warfarin. However, with strict dose adjustments, the clinical impact on the PT-INR and TTR is likely limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40256-024-00690-0","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Warfarin interacts with antibacterials to prolong the prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR) and increase the risk of bleeding. Patients initiating warfarin therapy often undergo precise dosage adjustments; however, the clinical implications of these interactions with antibacterials remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the effect of antibacterials on PT-INR during the warfarin induction phase.
Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study. Patients who were newly treated with warfarin after cardiovascular surgery were included. The primary endpoint was the comparison of the maximum PT-INR and time in therapeutic range (TTR) after warfarin initiation between the antibacterial-treated (ABx) and non-treated (non-ABx) groups.
Results: The maximum PT-INR was significantly higher in the ABx group (which included β-lactams, glycopeptides, quinolones, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides) than in the non-ABx group (median [interquartile range] 2.37 [2.03-2.71] vs. 2.08 [1.93-2.33]; P = 0.005); however, the TTR did not differ significantly (65% [44-76] vs. 71% [43-85]; P = 0.150). The odds ratio for maximum PT-INR > 2.6 with antimicrobial therapy was 2.51 (95% confidence interval 1.21-5.21).
Discussion: Antibacterial therapy was a risk factor for a maximum PT-INR >2.6. However, there was no association with the TTR, which is a marker of good outcomes. This was due to the strict warfarin dosing regimen according to the algorithm, which immediately and appropriately adjusted for PT-INR overexpansion.
Conclusions: Antibacterials have been suggested to increase PT-INR during the induction phase of warfarin. However, with strict dose adjustments, the clinical impact on the PT-INR and TTR is likely limited.
期刊介绍:
Promoting rational therapy within the discipline of cardiology, the American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs covers all aspects of the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, particularly the place in therapy of newer and established agents.
Via a program of reviews and original clinical research articles, the journal addresses major issues relating to treatment of these disorders, including the pharmacology, efficacy and adverse effects of the major classes of drugs; information on newly developed drugs and drug classes; the therapeutic implications of latest research into the aetiology of cardiovascular disorders; and the practical management of specific clinical situations.
The American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs offers a range of additional enhanced features designed to increase the visibility, readership and educational value of the journal’s content. Each article is accompanied by a Key Points summary, giving a time-efficient overview of the content to a wide readership. Articles may be accompanied by plain language summaries to assist patients, caregivers and others in understanding important medical advances. The journal also provides the option to include various other types of enhanced features including slide sets, videos and animations. All enhanced features are peer reviewed to the same high standard as the article itself. Peer review is conducted using Editorial Manager®, supported by a database of international experts. This database is shared with other Adis journals.