Headaches in SLE patients: a cross-sectional analysis of clinical, immunological, and Radiological Correlations.

IF 2.1 Q3 RHEUMATOLOGY BMC Rheumatology Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI:10.1186/s41927-024-00424-4
Eman Samy, Enas S Zahran, Mona Sabry, Hosna Elshony
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Abstract

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disorder characterized by diverse clinical manifestations, including a significant prevalence of headaches. This cross-sectional study aimed to thoroughly explore the relationship between SLE and headaches by analysing their prevalence, types, and associated clinical, immunological, and radiological factors.

Method: A comparative analysis was conducted on 179 SLE patients, who were categorized into two groups: those with headaches and those without. Data collection encompassed demographic details, disease activity levels, neurological assessments, immunological profiles, and brain imaging results. Headaches were diagnosed and classified following the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3). Disease activity was measured using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Statistical analyses were performed to identify significant associations and correlations.

Results: Headaches were observed in 55% of the SLE patients, predominantly presenting as tension-type headaches (65%) and migraines (27%). Notably, no patients met the criteria for a lupus-specific headache. The Headache Group exhibited significantly higher disease activity (SLEDAI scores). Tension-type and migraine headaches were particularly associated with increased muco-cutaneous manifestations. The presence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies was significantly linked to migraines and cluster headaches. While neurological disorders such as ischemic stroke and venous sinus thrombosis were more prevalent in the Headache Group, these findings were not statistically significant. Brain MRI abnormalities were detected in 9.4% of patients with headaches, including venous sinus thrombosis (2.3%), ischemic stroke (5.8%), and white matter hyperintensities (1.1%).

Conclusion: This study underscore es the complex relationship between SLE and headaches, suggesting that headaches may serve as an indicator of heightened SLE disease activity. Immunological factors, particularly aPL antibodies, show a strong association with specific headache types. MRI abnormalities further emphasize the intricate neurobiological aspects in SLE patients experiencing headaches. Continued research is essential to better understand biomarkers, genetic factors, and effective treatment strategies for managing headaches in SLE patients.

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系统性红斑狼疮患者的头痛:临床、免疫学和放射学相关性的横断面分析。
背景:系统性红斑狼疮(SLE系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种多发性自身免疫性疾病,临床表现多种多样,其中头痛的发病率很高。这项横断面研究旨在通过分析系统性红斑狼疮与头痛的发病率、类型以及相关的临床、免疫学和放射学因素,深入探讨系统性红斑狼疮与头痛之间的关系:方法:研究人员对179名系统性红斑狼疮患者进行了对比分析,并将他们分为两组:有头痛和无头痛。数据收集包括人口统计学细节、疾病活动水平、神经系统评估、免疫学特征和脑成像结果。头痛按照国际头痛疾病分类(ICHD-3)进行诊断和分类。疾病活动度采用系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)进行测量。结果显示,55%的患者出现头痛:55%的系统性红斑狼疮患者出现头痛,主要表现为紧张型头痛(65%)和偏头痛(27%)。值得注意的是,没有患者符合狼疮特异性头痛的标准。头痛组的疾病活动度(SLEDAI评分)明显更高。紧张型头痛和偏头痛尤其与粘液-皮肤表现增多有关。抗磷脂(aPL)抗体的存在与偏头痛和丛集性头痛密切相关。虽然缺血性中风和静脉窦血栓等神经系统疾病在头痛组中发病率较高,但这些结果并无统计学意义。9.4%的头痛患者发现脑磁共振成像异常,包括静脉窦血栓(2.3%)、缺血性中风(5.8%)和白质增生(1.1%):这项研究强调了系统性红斑狼疮与头痛之间的复杂关系,提示头痛可能是系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动加剧的一个指标。免疫因素,尤其是 aPL 抗体,与特定类型的头痛有密切关系。核磁共振成像异常进一步强调了系统性红斑狼疮患者头痛中错综复杂的神经生物学因素。要更好地了解系统性红斑狼疮患者头痛的生物标志物、遗传因素和有效的治疗策略,就必须继续开展研究。
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来源期刊
BMC Rheumatology
BMC Rheumatology Medicine-Rheumatology
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
73
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊最新文献
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