Antisense Oligonucleotides in Dyslipidemia Management: A Review of Clinical Trials.

IF 3.1 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1007/s40292-024-00682-w
Ikponmwosa Jude Ogieuhi, Kristen Callender, God-Dowell O Odukudu, Emeka Stanley Obi, Kudzaishe Muzofa, Adetola Emmanuel Babalola, Oshomoh Mark-Anthony Ugiomoh, Kenechukwu Hilary Umenzeakor, Adewunmi Akingbola, Charity Onetemizeh Ayoson, Emmanuel Uchenna Agbo, Moses Chukwuebuka Odoeke
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Abstract

Introduction: Elevated serum total cholesterol levels, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, or a decreased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration characterize dyslipidemia. Antisense Oligonucleotide therapy in dyslipidemia targets apolipoprotein B (ApoB), an essential component of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) associated with atherosclerosis development.

Aim: This review aims to critically evaluate the efficacy and safety of this group of medications in mitigating dyslipidemia in at-risk individuals and its potential role in advancing personalized medicine in the management of dyslipidemias.

Methods: A detailed search was conducted from multiple databases adhering to the PRISMA guidelines. Clinical trials and randomized controlled trials on antisense oligonucleotides for management of dyslipidemias were included, excluding non-English studies, case reports and all forms of reviews. Data was screened, with duplicates removed, and key findings were synthesized using a narrative approach.

Results and conclusion: The potential of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to treat dyslipidemia and other disorders has attracted much interest. Several studies and clinical trials have been conducted on the safety and tolerability of ASOs for dyslipidemia. Although statins are the mainstay management of hypercholesterolemia, there is evidence from clinical trials that ASOs can even be more effective with little to no side effects. Novel therapeutic approaches such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) offer tailored therapeutic alternatives. ASOs such as Mipomersen and Volanesorsen provide additional treatment options for patients with inherited lipid abnormalities by lowering certain atherogenic lipoproteins such as apo B and ApoC-III, respectively.

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反义寡核苷酸治疗血脂异常:临床试验综述。
导言:血清总胆固醇、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯水平升高或血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低是血脂异常的特征。反义寡核苷酸治疗血脂异常的靶点是载脂蛋白 B(ApoB),它是低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的重要组成部分,与动脉粥样硬化的发展有关。目的:本综述旨在批判性地评估这类药物在缓解高危人群血脂异常方面的疗效和安全性,以及其在推进个性化医疗管理血脂异常方面的潜在作用:方法:按照 PRISMA 指南对多个数据库进行了详细检索。纳入了有关反义寡核苷酸治疗血脂异常的临床试验和随机对照试验,排除了非英语研究、病例报告和各种形式的综述。对数据进行了筛选,删除了重复数据,并采用叙述法对主要研究结果进行了综合:反义寡核苷酸(ASO)治疗血脂异常和其他疾病的潜力引起了广泛关注。目前已就反义寡核苷酸治疗血脂异常的安全性和耐受性开展了多项研究和临床试验。虽然他汀类药物是治疗高胆固醇血症的主要药物,但临床试验的证据表明,ASO 甚至可以更有效,而且几乎没有副作用。反义寡核苷酸(ASO)等新型治疗方法提供了量身定制的替代治疗方案。Mipomersen 和 Volanesorsen 等 ASO 可分别降低某些致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白(如载脂蛋白 B 和载脂蛋白 C-III),从而为遗传性血脂异常患者提供更多的治疗选择。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
3.30%
发文量
57
期刊介绍: High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention promotes knowledge, update and discussion in the field of hypertension and cardiovascular disease prevention, by providing a regular programme of independent review articles covering key aspects of the management of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The journal includes:   Invited ''State of the Art'' reviews.  Expert commentaries on guidelines, major trials, technical advances.Presentation of new intervention trials design.''Pros and Cons'' or round tables on controversial issues.Statements on guidelines from hypertension and cardiovascular scientific societies.Socio-economic issues.Cost/benefit in prevention of cardiovascular diseases.Monitoring of healthcare systems.News and views from the Italian Society of Hypertension (including abstracts).All manuscripts are subject to peer review by international experts. Letters to the editor are welcomed and will be considered for publication.
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