Targeting the undruggable in glioblastoma using nano-based intracellular drug delivery.

IF 2.8 4区 医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY Medical Oncology Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1007/s12032-024-02546-8
Sakine Shirvalilou, Samideh Khoei, Reza Afzalipour, Habib Ghaznavi, Milad Shirvaliloo, Zahra Derakhti, Roghayeh Sheervalilou
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Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly prevalent and aggressive brain tumor in adults with limited treatment response, leading to a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Standard therapies, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, often fall short due to the tumor's location, hypoxic conditions, and the challenge of complete removal. Moreover, brain metastases from cancers such as breast and melanoma carry similarly poor prognoses. Recent advancements in nanomedicine offer promising solutions for targeted GBM therapies, with nanoparticles (NPs) capable of delivering chemotherapy drugs or radiation sensitizers across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to specific tumor sites. Leveraging the enhanced permeability and retention effect, NPs can preferentially accumulate in tumor tissues, where compromised BBB regions enhance delivery efficiency. By modifying NP characteristics such as size, shape, and surface charge, researchers have improved circulation times and cellular uptake, enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Recent studies show that combining photothermal therapy with magnetic hyperthermia using AuNPs and magnetic NPs induces ROS-dependent apoptosis and immunogenic cell death providing dual-targeted, immune-activating approaches. This review discusses the latest NP-based drug delivery strategies, including gene therapy, receptor-mediated transport, and multi-modal approaches like photothermal-magnetic hyperthermia combinations, all aimed at optimizing therapeutic outcomes for GBM.

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利用纳米细胞内给药技术,靶向治疗胶质母细胞瘤中无法治愈的疾病。
胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是一种成人高发的侵袭性脑肿瘤,治疗效果有限,5 年生存率不到 5%。由于肿瘤的位置、缺氧条件和彻底切除的挑战,包括手术、放疗和化疗在内的标准疗法往往达不到预期效果。此外,乳腺癌和黑色素瘤等癌症的脑转移预后同样不佳。纳米医学的最新进展为靶向治疗脑转移瘤提供了前景广阔的解决方案,纳米粒子(NPs)能够穿过血脑屏障(BBB)将化疗药物或放射增敏剂输送到特定的肿瘤部位。利用增强的渗透性和滞留效应,NPs 可以优先积聚在肿瘤组织中,而肿瘤组织中受损的 BBB 区域可以提高递送效率。通过改变 NP 的大小、形状和表面电荷等特性,研究人员改善了循环时间和细胞吸收,从而提高了疗效。最近的研究表明,利用金氧化物纳米粒子和磁性纳米粒子将光热疗法与磁性热疗相结合,可诱导依赖于 ROS 的细胞凋亡和免疫原性细胞死亡,从而提供双重靶向的免疫激活方法。本综述讨论了最新的基于 NP 的给药策略,包括基因治疗、受体介导的转运以及光热-磁性热疗组合等多模式方法,所有这些都旨在优化 GBM 的治疗效果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Medical Oncology
Medical Oncology 医学-肿瘤学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
2.90%
发文量
259
审稿时长
1.4 months
期刊介绍: Medical Oncology (MO) communicates the results of clinical and experimental research in oncology and hematology, particularly experimental therapeutics within the fields of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. It also provides state-of-the-art reviews on clinical and experimental therapies. Topics covered include immunobiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of malignant tumors.
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