Hepatitis B surface antigen-negative but hepatitis B envelope antigen-positive false occult hepatitis B virus infection: A case report.

IF 2.5 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY World Journal of Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i10.1199
Shu-Sheng Yang, Fei Fu, Qian-Kun Xuan, Zhou-Xiang Zhang, Zhi-Jun Li, Guang-Bo Li, Xiao-Yu Yu
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Abstract

Background: Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is characterized by the detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum (usually HBV DNA < 200 IU/mL) or the liver but negativity for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The diagnosis of OBI relies on the sensitivity of assays used in the detection of HBV DNA and HBsAg. HBsAg assays with inadequate sensitivity or inability to detect HBV S variants may lead to misdiagnosis of OBI in people with overt HBV infection.

Case summary: We report a HBsAg-negative but hepatitis B envelope antigen-positive patient who had a significant HBV DNA level. The patient was initially diagnosed as having OBI. However, sequence analysis revealed a unique insertion of amino acid residues at positions 120-124 in the S protein, which affects the formation of a disulfide bond that is associated with the formation of a loop. It is well known that there is an overlap between the S protein and Pol protein. We found that this new insertion site occurred in polymerase/reverse transcriptase domain, indicating that this insertion might be involved in HBV pathogenicity. The patient was finally diagnosed with a false OBI.

Conclusion: An insertion of amino acid residues at positions 120-124 of the S protein affects the formation of immunodominant epitopes and results in negative HBsAg levels.

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乙型肝炎表面抗原阴性但乙型肝炎包膜抗原阳性的假性隐性乙型肝炎病毒感染:病例报告。
背景:隐匿性乙型肝炎感染(OBI)的特征是在血清(通常 HBV DNA < 200 IU/mL)或肝脏中检测到乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA,但乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)呈阴性。OBI 的诊断取决于用于检测 HBV DNA 和 HBsAg 的检测方法的灵敏度。灵敏度不够或无法检测 HBV S 变体的 HBsAg 检测方法可能会导致明显 HBV 感染者被误诊为 OBI。病例摘要:我们报告了一名 HBsAg 阴性但乙型肝炎包膜抗原阳性的患者,她的 HBV DNA 水平很高。患者最初被诊断为 OBI。然而,序列分析表明,在 S 蛋白的 120-124 位有一个独特的氨基酸残基插入,影响了与形成环相关的二硫键的形成。众所周知,S 蛋白和 Pol 蛋白之间存在重叠。我们发现这个新的插入位点发生在聚合酶/逆转录酶结构域中,这表明该插入位点可能与 HBV 的致病性有关。该患者最终被诊断为假性 OBI:结论:S 蛋白 120-124 位氨基酸残基的插入影响了免疫显性表位的形成,并导致 HBsAg 水平呈阴性。
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来源期刊
World Journal of Hepatology
World Journal of Hepatology GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
172
期刊最新文献
Chronic hepatitis B: Prevent, diagnose, and treat before the point of no return. Complement activation targeted inhibitor C2-FH ameliorates acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Hepatitis B surface antigen-negative but hepatitis B envelope antigen-positive false occult hepatitis B virus infection: A case report. Liver cell cancer surveillance practice in Nigeria: Pitfalls and future prospects. Pathogenesis and research progress of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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