From Roe to Dobbs: 50 Years of Cause and Effect of US State Abortion Regulations.

IF 21.4 1区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Annual Review of Public Health Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071823-122011

Caitlin Myers

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Abstract

The Roe era was hardly a monolith. For more than 50 years-beginning with abortion reforms in the 1960s and continuing through the Dobbs decision in 2022-state regulations of abortion were neither uniform nor consistent. States reformed and repealed abortion bans leading up to the Roe decision in 1973. Following Roe, they enacted both demand-side regulations of people seeking abortions and supply-side regulations of people providing abortions. The resulting laboratory of state policies affords natural experiments that have yielded evidence on the effects of abortion regulations on demographic, health, economic, and other social outcomes. I present a brief history of state policy variation from 1967 through 2016 and review the empirical scholarship studying its effects. This literature demonstrates that the liberalization of abortion access in the 1960s and 1970s allowed women greater control over their fertility, resulting in increased educational attainment and earnings. Subsequent state restrictions in the 1980s through 2010s had the opposite effect, particularly when they increased the financial and logistical costs of obtaining an abortion. I conclude with a discussion of implications for the post-Dobbs era, considering to what extent evidence from the past foretells the future.

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从罗伊到多布斯：美国各州堕胎法规的 50 年因果。

罗伊时代并非一成不变。从 20 世纪 60 年代的堕胎改革开始，一直到 2022 年的多布斯裁决，50 多年来，各州对堕胎的规定既不统一也不一致。在 1973 年罗伊案判决之前，各州改革并废除了堕胎禁令。在罗伊案之后，各州同时颁布了针对寻求堕胎者的需求方法规和针对提供堕胎者的供应方法规。由此产生的州政策实验室提供了自然实验，为堕胎法规对人口、健康、经济和其他社会结果的影响提供了证据。我简要介绍了从 1967 年到 2016 年各州政策变化的历史，并回顾了研究其影响的实证学术研究。这些文献表明，20 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代的堕胎自由化使妇女能够更好地控制生育，从而提高了受教育程度和收入。随后在 20 世纪 80 年代至 2010 年代，各州的限制措施产生了相反的效果，尤其是当它们增加了堕胎的经济和后勤成本时。最后，我将讨论后多布斯时代的影响，考虑过去的证据在多大程度上预示着未来。

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来源期刊

Annual Review of Public Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

26.60

自引率

1.40%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Public Health has been a trusted publication in the field since its inception in 1980. It provides comprehensive coverage of important advancements in various areas of public health, such as epidemiology, biostatistics, environmental health, occupational health, social environment and behavior, health services, as well as public health practice and policy. In an effort to make the valuable research and information more accessible, the current volume has undergone a transformation. Previously, access to the articles was restricted, but now they are available to everyone through the Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program. This open access approach ensures that the knowledge and insights shared in these articles can reach a wider audience. Additionally, all the published articles are licensed under a CC BY license, allowing users to freely use, distribute, and build upon the content, while giving appropriate credit to the original authors.

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