{"title":"Non-exercise-based interventions to support healthy ageing in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Wei Qi Koh, Nutyathun Wora, Natasha Wing Laam Liong, Kristiana Ludlow, Nancy A Pachana, Jacki Liddle","doi":"10.1093/geront/gnae156","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Healthy ageing is a multidimensional construct, where various factors play a role in influencing wellbeing in older age. Many studies heavily emphasise the importance of physical activity, negating other aspects such as psychosocial or cognitive influences. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of non-exercise-based interventions on the quality of life (QoL) and life satisfaction of community-dwelling, healthy older adults.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials was conducted. Four electronic databases were searched from inception. Three independent reviewers screened the articles and appraised the risk of bias. Data relating to study characteristics, intervention and outcomes were extracted. The mean difference and standardised mean difference with 95% confidence intervals were synthesised to pool effect sizes. Outcomes that could not be included in the meta-analysis were synthesised narratively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six articles from 35 randomised controlled trials, involving 6,127 older adults, were included. Most were multi-component interventions and involved supporting lifelong learning. Most participants were females (70.2%). Pooled analyses revealed small but statistically significant effects on overall QoL (SMD=0.26, CI: 0.00 to 0.53), and QoL subscales relating to mental health and psychological wellbeing (SMD=0.26, CI: 0.12-0.41) and environment (SMD=0.31, CI: 0.03-0.58). Effects on social health and functioning, and role functioning related to physical health were marginal. There were no improvements in other subscales. Results revealed non statistically significant improvements in life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Multicomponent non-exercise-based interventions that support lifelong learning in older adults can support healthy ageing, particularly in improving overall QoL, and mental health, social health and environment QoL subscales.</p>","PeriodicalId":51347,"journal":{"name":"Gerontologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Gerontologist","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnae156","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background and objectives: Healthy ageing is a multidimensional construct, where various factors play a role in influencing wellbeing in older age. Many studies heavily emphasise the importance of physical activity, negating other aspects such as psychosocial or cognitive influences. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of non-exercise-based interventions on the quality of life (QoL) and life satisfaction of community-dwelling, healthy older adults.
Research design and methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials was conducted. Four electronic databases were searched from inception. Three independent reviewers screened the articles and appraised the risk of bias. Data relating to study characteristics, intervention and outcomes were extracted. The mean difference and standardised mean difference with 95% confidence intervals were synthesised to pool effect sizes. Outcomes that could not be included in the meta-analysis were synthesised narratively.
Results: Thirty-six articles from 35 randomised controlled trials, involving 6,127 older adults, were included. Most were multi-component interventions and involved supporting lifelong learning. Most participants were females (70.2%). Pooled analyses revealed small but statistically significant effects on overall QoL (SMD=0.26, CI: 0.00 to 0.53), and QoL subscales relating to mental health and psychological wellbeing (SMD=0.26, CI: 0.12-0.41) and environment (SMD=0.31, CI: 0.03-0.58). Effects on social health and functioning, and role functioning related to physical health were marginal. There were no improvements in other subscales. Results revealed non statistically significant improvements in life satisfaction.
Discussion and implications: Multicomponent non-exercise-based interventions that support lifelong learning in older adults can support healthy ageing, particularly in improving overall QoL, and mental health, social health and environment QoL subscales.
期刊介绍：
The Gerontologist, published since 1961, is a bimonthly journal of The Gerontological Society of America that provides a multidisciplinary perspective on human aging by publishing research and analysis on applied social issues. It informs the broad community of disciplines and professions involved in understanding the aging process and providing care to older people. Articles should include a conceptual framework and testable hypotheses. Implications for policy or practice should be highlighted. The Gerontologist publishes quantitative and qualitative research and encourages manuscript submissions of various types including: research articles, intervention research, review articles, measurement articles, forums, and brief reports. Book and media reviews, International Spotlights, and award-winning lectures are commissioned by the editors.
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