Effect of Heat Stress on the Expression of Circulating Cyto(chemo)kine and Inflammatory Markers in Broiler Chickens Selected for High- or Low-water Efficiency.

IF 3.3 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.31083/j.fbl2910359
Elizabeth S Greene, Travis Tabler, Walter G Bottje, Sara Orlowski, Sami Dridi
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Abstract

Background: Water scarcity is a current, significant global concern that will only increase under the pressure of climate change. Improving water efficiency of poultry is a new and promising area to help temper agriculture's future impact on fresh water availability. Here, we explored the effects of acute heat stress (HS) on circulating stress and inflammatory markers in 2 lines of broilers divergently selected for water efficiency.

Methods: Male chicks from low (LWE) and high water efficient (HWE) lines were raised in 12 environmental chambers (2 pens/chamber, 6 chambers/line, 20 birds/pen) under normal conditions until day 28. On day 29, birds were subjected to thermoneutral (TN, 25 °C) or HS (36 °C) conditions, resulting in four treatments (2 lines × 2 environmental conditions). After 3 h of HS, whole blood was collected (8 birds per line × environment) and analyzed for target gene expression and plasma cytokine levels. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA, with line, environment, and their interaction as main factors, and means were compared using Tukey's multiple range test.

Results: Gene expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 27, HSP70, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, c-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4), CCL20, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), NLR family CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5), and NLR family member X1 (NLRX1) were increased by HS, with no differences between the lines. HSP70, IL-10, and NLRC3 were lower in the HWE as compared to the LWE lines. Additionally, there were interactive effects between line and environment for HSP90, IL-4, and CCL4, where HS induced HSP90 expression in the LWE only, and IL-4 and CCL4 in HWE only. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) gene expression was significantly lower in the whole blood of the HWE line; however, plasma protein levels were not different.

Conclusions: Overall, most of the effects seen on cyto (chemokines) and inflammatory markers were due to acute HS, with only a few genes differentially regulated between the lines. This likely indicates that the divergent selection for water efficiency for four generations did not elicit changes in inflammation and stress molecular signatures.

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热应激对高或低水分效率肉鸡循环细胞因子和炎症标记物表达的影响
背景:缺水是当前全球关注的一个重要问题,在气候变化的压力下,缺水问题只会越来越严重。提高家禽的用水效率是一个前景广阔的新领域,有助于缓解农业未来对淡水供应的影响。在此,我们探讨了急性热应激(HS)对2个水效不同的肉鸡品系的循环应激和炎症标志物的影响:方法:低水效率(LWE)和高水效率(HWE)品系的雄性雏鸡在正常条件下在 12 个环境室(2 个栏/室,6 个室/线,20 只/栏)中饲养至第 28 天。第 29 天,将鸟类置于恒温(TN,25 °C)或恒温(HS,36 °C)条件下,形成四个处理(2 个品系 × 2 种环境条件)。HS 3 小时后,收集全血(每个品系 × 环境 8 只鸟)并分析目的基因表达和血浆细胞因子水平。数据以品系、环境及其交互作用为主要因素进行双因素方差分析,并用Tukey的多重范围检验比较平均值:富亮氨酸重复(NLR)家族含吡咯啉结构域 3(NLRP3)、NLR 家族含 CARD 结构域 5(NLRC5)和 NLR 家族成员 X1(NLRX1)均因 HS 而增加,且各品系之间无差异。与 LWE 株系相比,HWE 株系的 HSP70、IL-10 和 NLRC3 较低。此外,HSP90、IL-4 和 CCL4 在品系和环境之间存在交互作用,HS 仅在 LWE 中诱导 HSP90 的表达,而在 HWE 中仅诱导 IL-4 和 CCL4 的表达。精氨酸加压素(AVP)基因表达在HWE品系的全血中显著降低,但血浆蛋白水平没有差异:总的来说,对细胞因子(趋化因子)和炎症标志物的大部分影响都是由急性 HS 引起的,只有少数基因在品系间有差异调控。这可能表明,四代水效率的差异选择并没有引起炎症和应激分子特征的变化。
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